Social Connection Daily Diary Study (2020)

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Citation article

Title:
Does Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Effort Pay Off?
Authors:
Tran, Anh, Greenaway, Katharine H., Kostopoulos, Joanne, Tamir, Maya, Gutentag, Tony, Kalokerinos, Elise K.
Year of publication:
2024
Publication name:
Emotion
Volume number:
24
Issue number:
2
Page numbers:
345-356
DOI or URL:
10.1037/emo0001289
Publication type:
Refereed Journal Article

Study details

Baseline session:
Yes
Followup session:
Yes
Study design:
The study consisted of three consecutive parts. First, participants completed a baseline session in which they read a Plain Language Statement, completed a consent form, responded to a number of scales, and provided demographic information. The following day, participants commenced the daily diary phase of the study. For seven consecutive days, participants completed a daily diary survey at the end of the day. Participants were asked about their daily social interactions, feelings of loneliness, group identification and emotion regulation. The daily diary survey consisted of 54 questions all items are close-ended questions. Each daily diary was sent out at 5pm, and expired at 11:59pm the same evening. The day after the final daily diary survey, participants completed a follow-up survey in which they responded to a number of scales and were debriefed about the study.
ESM measurement waves:
1
Ethics granting body:
The University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee
Ethics protocol number:
2056479.1
Year/s data was collected:
2020
Location of participants (Countries):
Australia
Background information:
---
Languages:
English
Setting:
---
Collection platform:
---
Preregistration URL:
https://osf.io/ydujv/
Days of ESM data collection:
7
Number of ESM measures per day:
1
Sampling schedule:
interval-contingent
ESM schedule start time:
17:00
ESM schedule end time:
23:59
ESM schedule duration:
---

Sample details

Type of sample:
The sample consisted of 171 participants, aged 18-62 (M = 28.96, SD = 11.81, 79% women).
Recruitment information:
Participants were from the community via university advertising. Participants were also recruited via a research experience program within the University of Melbourne psychology department, where undergraduate psychology students receive course credits for participating in research. Participants were required to be over 18 and residing in Victoria, Australia to participate.
Incentives:
University students in the research program were reimbursed up to 2 course credits for their participation. They received 1 course credit for completing the baseline and up to 1 credit for completing the daily diary surveys. They received the full credit amount if they completed all surveys. Community participants received up to $40 dollars for participating. They received $20 for the baseline and follow up survey and up to $20 for the daily diary surveys. Payment was in Australian dollars.
Exclusions:
Fifty-five participants were screened from further participation or excluded prior to analysis for the following reasons (some participants failed multiple criteria): 16 were located outside the specified recruitment location, 22 completed the baseline in less than 10 minutes which indicated careless responding, 5 formally withdrew, 2 were under 18 years old, 6 did not complete any daily diary, and 17 displayed suspicious bot-like behaviors (e.g., using similar emails, signing up within seconds of one another, and unfeasible geolocation changes with every survey). In addition, 6 participants completed the baseline survey twice, so we kept only the most complete entry. This left a final sample of 171.
Number of participants:
171

Contact info

Contact:
Imogen Smith
Contact email:
imogen.smith.1@unimelb.edu.au
Selection Variable Info Assessment type Constructs Branching
UUID Default None —
Date_Local Default None —
Time_Local Default None —
AGE What is your age in years (please ONLY enter a NUMBER)? Baseline —
ANG Angry Follow_up —
ANG Angry Baseline —
AUST_RESIDE Are you currently living in Australia? Baseline —
BFI2_1 Is outgoing, sociable Baseline —
BFI2_10 Is curious about many different things Baseline —
BFI2_11 Rarely feels excited or eager Baseline —
BFI2_12 Tends to find fault with others Baseline —
BFI2_13 Is dependable, steady Baseline —
BFI2_14 Is moody, has up and down mood swings Baseline —
BFI2_15 Is inventive, finds clever ways to do things Baseline —
BFI2_16 Tends to be quiet Baseline —
BFI2_17 Feels little sympathy for others Baseline —
BFI2_18 Is systematic, likes to keep things in order Baseline —
BFI2_19 Can be tense Baseline —
BFI2_2 Is compassionate, has a soft heart Baseline —
BFI2_20 Is fascinated by art, music, or literature Baseline —
BFI2_21 Is dominant, acts as a leader Baseline —
BFI2_22 Starts arguments with others Baseline —
BFI2_23 Has difficulty getting started on tasks Baseline —
BFI2_24 Feels secure, comfortable with self Baseline —
BFI2_25 Avoids intellectual, philosophical discussions Baseline —
BFI2_26 Is less active than other people Baseline —
BFI2_27 Has a forgiving nature Baseline —
BFI2_28 Can be somewhat careless Baseline —
BFI2_29 Is emotionally stable, not easily upset Baseline —
BFI2_3 Tends to be disorganized Baseline —
BFI2_30 Has little creativity Baseline —
BFI2_31 Is sometimes shy, introverted Baseline —
BFI2_32 Is helpful and unselfish with others Baseline —
BFI2_33 Keeps things neat and tidy Baseline —
BFI2_34 Worries a lot Baseline —
BFI2_35 Values art and beauty Baseline —
BFI2_36 Finds it hard to influence people Baseline —
BFI2_37 Is sometimes rude to others Baseline —
BFI2_38 Is efficient, gets things done Baseline —
BFI2_39 Often feels sad Baseline —
BFI2_4 Is relaxed, handles stress well Baseline —
BFI2_40 Is complex, a deep thinker Baseline —
BFI2_41 Is full of energy Baseline —
BFI2_42 Is suspicious of others’ intentions Baseline —
BFI2_43 Is reliable, can always be counted on Baseline —
BFI2_44 Keeps their emotions under control Baseline —
BFI2_45 Has difficulty imagining things Baseline —
BFI2_46 Is talkative Baseline —
BFI2_47 Can be cold and uncaring Baseline —
BFI2_48 Leaves a mess, doesn’t clean up Baseline —
BFI2_49 Rarely feels anxious or afraid Baseline —
BFI2_5 Has few artistic interests Baseline —
BFI2_50 Thinks poetry and plays are boring Baseline —
BFI2_51 Prefers to have others take charge Baseline —
BFI2_52 Is polite, courteous to others Baseline —
BFI2_53 Is persistent, works until the task is finished Baseline —
BFI2_54 Tends to feel depressed, blue Baseline —
BFI2_55 Has little interest in abstract ideas Baseline —
BFI2_56 Shows a lot of enthusiasm Baseline —
BFI2_57 Assumes the best about people Baseline —
BFI2_58 Sometimes behaves irresponsibly Baseline —
BFI2_59 Is temperamental, gets emotional easily Baseline —
BFI2_6 Has an assertive personality Baseline —
BFI2_60 Is original, comes up with new ideas Baseline —
BFI2_7 Is respectful, treats others with respect Baseline —
BFI2_8 Tends to be lazy Baseline —
BFI2_9 Stays optimistic after experiencing a setback Baseline —
b_nationality What is your nationality (e.g., British, Australian)? Baseline —
CESD_1 I was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me. Follow_up —
CESD_1 I was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me. Baseline —
CESD_10 I felt fearful Baseline —
CESD_10 I felt fearful Follow_up —
CESD_11 My sleep was restless. Follow_up —
CESD_11 My sleep was restless. Baseline —
CESD_12 I was happy Follow_up —
CESD_12 I was happy Baseline —
CESD_13 I talked less than usual Follow_up —
CESD_13 I talked less than usual Baseline —
CESD_14 I felt lonely Follow_up —
CESD_14 I felt lonely Baseline —
CESD_15 People were unfriendly Baseline —
CESD_15 People were unfriendly Follow_up —
CESD_16 I enjoyed life Follow_up —
CESD_16 I enjoyed life Baseline —
CESD_17 I had crying spells Baseline —
CESD_17 I had crying spells Follow_up —
CESD_18 I felt sad Follow_up —
CESD_18 I felt sad Baseline —
CESD_19 I felt that people dislike me Follow_up —
CESD_19 I felt that people dislike me Baseline —
CESD_2 I did not feel like eating; my appetite was poor. Baseline —
CESD_2 I did not feel like eating; my appetite was poor. Follow_up —
CESD_20 I could not get “going.” Follow_up —
CESD_20 I could not get “going.” Baseline —
CESD_3 I felt that I could not shake off the blues even with help from my family or friends. Baseline —
CESD_3 I felt that I could not shake off the blues even with help from my family or friends. Follow_up —
CESD_4 I felt I was just as good as other people. Follow_up —
CESD_4 I felt I was just as good as other people. Baseline —
CESD_5 I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing. Follow_up —
CESD_5 I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing. Baseline —
CESD_6 I felt depressed. Follow_up —
CESD_6 I felt depressed. Baseline —
CESD_7 I felt that everything I did was an effort. Baseline —
CESD_7 I felt that everything I did was an effort. Follow_up —
CESD_8 I felt hopeful about the future. Baseline —
CESD_8 I felt hopeful about the future. Follow_up —
CESD_9 I thought my life had been a failure Follow_up —
CESD_9 I thought my life had been a failure Baseline —
COMPLETED_DATE_TIME Date and time baseline completed Baseline —
COMPLETED_DATETIME Follow up survey end date Follow_up —
COMPLIANCE Percentage compliance (number of surveys completed/number of surveys received) ESM —
CONSENT I have read the above information and consent to participate in this project (please select one) Baseline —
COVID_DEPEND How many of the people who live with you depend on you? (e.g. kids, elders, people with special needs) Baseline —
COVID_EMPLOY Due to COVID-19 (select all that apply) Baseline —
COVID_EMPLOY_SPECIFY b_covid_employment text entry (If specfied "Other") Baseline —
COVID_HEALTHCARE Do you work in the healthcare industry? Baseline —
COVID_ILLNESS Do you have a chronic physical illness (e.g. diabetes, asthma)? Baseline —
COVID_LIVING I'm living Baseline —
COVID_LIVING_OTHER How many people are with you in your living quarters? (please only enter a number) Baseline —
COVID_LIVING_SPECIFY Living situation text entry if specifed "Other" Baseline —
COVID_OTHERS Have any of your close family members had COVID-19? Baseline —
COVID_SELF Have you had, or do you have, COVID-19? Baseline —
COVID_WORRY In general, how worried are you about COVID-19? Baseline —
DURATION_TOTAL Time taken to complete baseline Baseline —
DURATION_TOTAL Time taken to complete survey ESM —
DURATION_TOTAL Time taken to complete follow up survey Follow_up —
EMOTION_CTRL Did you feel like you could control your emotions during this interaction? ESM —
END_DATE_TIME Baseline end date Baseline —
ER_EFFORT How much effort did you put into influencing your own emotions? ESM —
ER_EFFORT_TYPE How did you try to influence your emotions during this interaction? Please select all that apply ESM —
ESL Is English your first language? Baseline —
FINISHED Whether the survey was completed ESM —
FINISHED Whether baseline was finished Baseline —
f_RecordedDate Time and date follow up survey completed Follow_up —
GAD_1 Feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge Follow_up —
GAD_1 Feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge Baseline —
GAD_2 Not being able to stop or control worrying Follow_up —
GAD_2 Not being able to stop or control worrying Baseline —
GAD_3 Worrying too much about different things Follow_up —
GAD_3 Worrying too much about different things Baseline —
GAD_4 Trouble relaxing Baseline —
GAD_4 Trouble relaxing Follow_up —
GAD_5 Being so restless that it's hard to sit still Baseline —
GAD_5 Being so restless that it's hard to sit still Follow_up —
GAD_6 Becoming easily annoyed or irritable Follow_up —
GAD_6 Becoming easily annoyed or irritable Baseline —
GAD_7 Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen Baseline —
GAD_7 Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen Follow_up —
GENDER What is your gender? Baseline —
HAP Happy Follow_up —
HAP Happy Baseline —
HOPE Hopeful Baseline —
HOPE Hopeful Follow_up —
IER_ADVICE Someone gave me advice ESM —
IER_ANGER Someone expressed anger or hostility toward me ESM —
IER_DEVALUE Someone ignored or invalidated my feelings ESM —
IEREeffort_amount_1 How much effort did you put into influencing the emotions of other people during this interaction? ESM —
IEREeffort_intention Did you try to influence the emotions of other people during this interaction? ESM —
IEREeffort_type How did you try to influence your emotions during this interaction? Please select all that apply ESM —
IERIeffort_amount_1 How much effort did you put into using other people to influence your own emotions during this interaction? ESM —
IERIeffort_intention Did you try use other people to influence your own emotions during this interaction? ESM —
IERIeffort_type How did you use other people to influence your emotions during this interaction? Please select all that apply ESM —
IER_LISTEN Someone made an effort to listen to me ESM —
IER_PHYSTOUCH Someone communicated their thoughts and feelings to me through physical contact (for example, a pat on the shoulder, a hug) ESM —
IER_PRESENCE Someone let me know that they were physically present with me ESM —
IERQ_1 It makes me feel better to learn how others dealt with their emotions Baseline —
IERQ_1 It makes me feel better to learn how others dealt with their emotions Follow_up —
IERQ_10 When I am upset, others make me feel better by making me realize that things could be a lot worse Baseline —
IERQ_10 When I am upset, others make me feel better by making me realize that things could be a lot worse Follow_up —
IERQ_11 Seeing how others would handle the same situation helps me when I am frustrated Baseline —
IERQ_11 Seeing how others would handle the same situation helps me when I am frustrated Follow_up —
IERQ_12 I look to others for comfort when I feel upset Baseline —
IERQ_12 I look to others for comfort when I feel upset Follow_up —
IERQ_13 Because happiness is contagious, I seek out other people when I'm happy Follow_up —
IERQ_13 Because happiness is contagious, I seek out other people when I'm happy Baseline —
IERQ_14 When I am annoyed, others can soothe me by telling me not to worry Baseline —
IERQ_14 When I am annoyed, others can soothe me by telling me not to worry Follow_up —
IERQ_15 When I'm sad, it helps me to hear how others have dealt with similar feelings Follow_up —
IERQ_15 When I'm sad, it helps me to hear how others have dealt with similar feelings Baseline —
IERQ_16 I look to other people when I feel depressed just to know that I am loved Baseline —
IERQ_16 I look to other people when I feel depressed just to know that I am loved Follow_up —
IERQ_17 Having people telling me not to worry can calm me down when I am anxious Baseline —
IERQ_17 Having people telling me not to worry can calm me down when I am anxious Follow_up —
IERQ_18 When I feel elated, I seek out other people to make them happy Follow_up —
IERQ_18 When I feel elated, I seek out other people to make them happy Baseline —
IERQ_19 When I feel sad, I seek out others for consolation Baseline —
IERQ_19 When I feel sad, I seek out others for consolation Follow_up —
IERQ_2 It helps me deal with my depressed mood when others point out that things aren't as bad as they seem Baseline —
IERQ_2 It helps me deal with my depressed mood when others point out that things aren't as bad as they seem Follow_up —
IERQ_20 If I'm upset, I like knowing what other people would do if they were in my situation Baseline —
IERQ_20 If I'm upset, I like knowing what other people would do if they were in my situation Follow_up —
IERQ_3 I like being around others when I'm excited to share my joy Baseline —
IERQ_3 I like being around others when I'm excited to share my joy Follow_up —
IERQ_4 I look for other people to offer me compassion when I'm upset Baseline —
IERQ_4 I look for other people to offer me compassion when I'm upset Follow_up —
IERQ_5 Hearing another person's thoughts on how to handle things helps me when I am worried Follow_up —
IERQ_5 Hearing another person's thoughts on how to handle things helps me when I am worried Baseline —
IERQ_6 Being in the presence of certain other people feels good when I'm elated Follow_up —
IERQ_6 Being in the presence of certain other people feels good when I'm elated Baseline —
IERQ_7 Having people remind me that others are worse off helps me when I'm upset Follow_up —
IERQ_7 Having people remind me that others are worse off helps me when I'm upset Baseline —
IERQ_8 I like being in the presence of others when I feel positive because it magnifies the good feeling Follow_up —
IERQ_8 I like being in the presence of others when I feel positive because it magnifies the good feeling Baseline —
IERQ_9 Feeling upset often causes me to seek out others who will express sympathy Follow_up —
IERQ_9 Feeling upset often causes me to seek out others who will express sympathy Baseline —
IER_REAP Someone helped me to see a situation in a new light ESM —
IER_SOCSHR Someone encouraged me to share my feelings with them ESM —
IRQ_1 When something bad happens, my first impulse is to seek out the company of others Follow_up —
IRQ_1 When something bad happens, my first impulse is to seek out the company of others Baseline —
IRQ_10 When something good happens, my first impulse is to tell someone about it Follow_up —
IRQ_10 When something good happens, my first impulse is to tell someone about it Baseline —
IRQ_11 When things are going well, I feel compelled to seek out other people Baseline —
IRQ_11 When things are going well, I feel compelled to seek out other people Follow_up —
IRQ_12 When I want to celebrate something good, I seek out certain people to tell them about it Baseline —
IRQ_12 When I want to celebrate something good, I seek out certain people to tell them about it Follow_up —
IRQ_13 I’m happier when I’m with my friends than when I’m by myself Baseline —
IRQ_13 I’m happier when I’m with my friends than when I’m by myself Follow_up —
IRQ_14 Being with other people tends to put a smile on my face Baseline —
IRQ_14 Being with other people tends to put a smile on my face Follow_up —
IRQ_15 I find that even just being around other people can help me to feel better Baseline —
IRQ_15 I find that even just being around other people can help me to feel better Follow_up —
IRQ_16 I really enjoy being around the people I know Baseline —
IRQ_16 I really enjoy being around the people I know Follow_up —
IRQ_2 When I’m having trouble, I cannot wait to tell someone about it Follow_up —
IRQ_2 When I’m having trouble, I cannot wait to tell someone about it Baseline —
IRQ_3 I just have to get help from someone when things are going wrong Follow_up —
IRQ_3 I just have to get help from someone when things are going wrong Baseline —
IRQ_4 I manage my emotions by expressing them to others Follow_up —
IRQ_4 I manage my emotions by expressing them to others Baseline —
IRQ_5 I appreciate having others’ support through difficult times Baseline —
IRQ_5 I appreciate having others’ support through difficult times Follow_up —
IRQ_6 Sometimes I just need someone to understand where I’m coming from Follow_up —
IRQ_6 Sometimes I just need someone to understand where I’m coming from Baseline —
IRQ_7 It really helps me feel better during stressful situations when someone knows and cares about what I’m going through Baseline —
IRQ_7 It really helps me feel better during stressful situations when someone knows and cares about what I’m going through Follow_up —
IRQ_8 I really appreciate having other people to help me figure out my problems Baseline —
IRQ_8 I really appreciate having other people to help me figure out my problems Follow_up —
IRQ_9 When things are going well, I just have to tell other people about it Baseline —
IRQ_9 When things are going well, I just have to tell other people about it Follow_up —
LANG Language baseline completed in Baseline —
LANG Language follow up survey completed in Follow_up —
LONE How lonely did you feel today? ESM —
LONE Lonely Baseline —
LONE Lonely Follow_up —
NATION What is your nationality (e.g., British, Australian)? Baseline —
NERV Nervous Baseline —
NERV Nervous Follow_up —
RELAT What is your relationship status? Baseline —
RESS_1 I accept my emotions as they are Baseline —
RESS_1 I accept my emotions as they are Follow_up —
RESS_10 I look at the situation from several different angles Baseline —
RESS_10 I look at the situation from several different angles Follow_up —
RESS_11 I engage in something else to keep busy Baseline —
RESS_11 I engage in something else to keep busy Follow_up —
RESS_12 I engage in activities to distract myself Follow_up —
RESS_12 I engage in activities to distract myself Baseline —
RESS_13 I make an effort to hide my feelings Follow_up —
RESS_13 I make an effort to hide my feelings Baseline —
RESS_14 I pretend I am not feeling anything Baseline —
RESS_14 I pretend I am not feeling anything Follow_up —
RESS_2 I talk to others about my emotions Follow_up —
RESS_2 I talk to others about my emotions Baseline —
RESS_3 I try to slow my heart rate and breathing Follow_up —
RESS_3 I try to slow my heart rate and breathing Baseline —
RESS_4 I take deep breaths Baseline —
RESS_4 I take deep breaths Follow_up —
RESS_5 I show my feelings Follow_up —
RESS_5 I show my feelings Baseline —
RESS_6 I express my feelings Baseline —
RESS_6 I express my feelings Follow_up —
RESS_7 I think about my emotions again and again Follow_up —
RESS_7 I think about my emotions again and again Baseline —
RESS_8 I continually think about what is making me emotional Follow_up —
RESS_8 I continually think about what is making me emotional Baseline —
RESS_9 I think of other ways to interpret the situation Follow_up —
RESS_9 I think of other ways to interpret the situation Baseline —
RLX Relaxed Baseline —
RLX Relaxed Follow_up —
SAD Sad Follow_up —
SAD Sad Baseline —
SGSES_1 When I make plans, I am certain I can make them work Baseline —
SGSES_1 When I make plans, I am certain I can make them work Follow_up —
SGSES_10 When trying to learn something new, I soon give up if I am not initially successful Follow_up —
SGSES_10 When trying to learn something new, I soon give up if I am not initially successful Baseline —
SGSES_11 When unexpected problems occur, I don’t handle them well Baseline —
SGSES_11 When unexpected problems occur, I don’t handle them well Follow_up —
SGSES_12 I avoid trying to learn new things when they look too difficult for me Follow_up —
SGSES_12 I avoid trying to learn new things when they look too difficult for me Baseline —
SGSES_13 Failure just makes me try harder Follow_up —
SGSES_13 Failure just makes me try harder Baseline —
SGSES_14 I feel insecure about my ability to do things Baseline —
SGSES_14 I feel insecure about my ability to do things Follow_up —
SGSES_15 I am a self-reliant person Follow_up —
SGSES_15 I am a self-reliant person Baseline —
SGSES_16 I give up easily Baseline —
SGSES_16 I give up easily Follow_up —
SGSES_17 I do not seem capable of dealing with most problems that come up in my life Follow_up —
SGSES_17 I do not seem capable of dealing with most problems that come up in my life Baseline —
SGSES_18 It is difficult for me to make new friends Follow_up —
SGSES_18 It is difficult for me to make new friends Baseline —
SGSES_19 If I see someone I would like to meet, I go to that person instead of waiting for him or her to come to me Baseline —
SGSES_19 If I see someone I would like to meet, I go to that person instead of waiting for him or her to come to me Follow_up —
SGSES_2 One of my problems is that I cannot get down to work when I should Baseline —
SGSES_2 One of my problems is that I cannot get down to work when I should Follow_up —
SGSES_20 If I meet someone interesting who is hard to make friends with, I’ll soon stop trying to make friends with that person Follow_up —
SGSES_20 If I meet someone interesting who is hard to make friends with, I’ll soon stop trying to make friends with that person Baseline —
SGSES_21 When I’m trying to become friends with someone who seems uninterested at first, I don’t give up easily Follow_up —
SGSES_21 When I’m trying to become friends with someone who seems uninterested at first, I don’t give up easily Baseline —
SGSES_22 I do not handle myself well in social gatherings Baseline —
SGSES_22 I do not handle myself well in social gatherings Follow_up —
SGSES_23 I have acquired my friends through my personal abilities at making friends Follow_up —
SGSES_23 I have acquired my friends through my personal abilities at making friends Baseline —
SGSES_3 If I can’t do a job the first time, I keep tyring until I can Baseline —
SGSES_3 If I can’t do a job the first time, I keep tyring until I can Follow_up —
SGSES_4 When I set important goals for myself, I rarely achieve them Baseline —
SGSES_4 When I set important goals for myself, I rarely achieve them Follow_up —
SGSES_5 I give up on things before completing them Baseline —
SGSES_5 I give up on things before completing them Follow_up —
SGSES_6 I avoid facing difficulties Baseline —
SGSES_6 I avoid facing difficulties Follow_up —
SGSES_7 If something looks too complicated, I will not even bother to try it Follow_up —
SGSES_7 If something looks too complicated, I will not even bother to try it Baseline —
SGSES_8 When I have something unpleasant to do, I stick to it until I finish it Follow_up —
SGSES_8 When I have something unpleasant to do, I stick to it until I finish it Baseline —
SGSES_9 When I decide to do something, I go right to work on it Follow_up —
SGSES_9 When I decide to do something, I go right to work on it Baseline —
SOCINT Did you interact with anyone in person today? ESM —
SOCINT_ACPT_1 I accepted my emotions as they were ESM —
SOCINT_ACPT_2 I was able to experience my emotions without immediately trying to fight them off ESM —
SOCINT_ANG How angry did you feel during this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_DIGITAL Did you interact with anyone digitally today (e.g., via phone or computer)? ESM —
SOCINT_DIST_1 I engaged in something else to keep busy ESM —
SOCINT_DIST_2 I engaged in activities to distract myself ESM —
SOCINT_ER_SUCCESS How successful were you in controlling your emotions during this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_ER_TRY Did you try to influence your emotions during this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_EXP_1 I showed my feelings ESM —
SOCINT_EXP_2 I expressed my feelings ESM —
SOCINT_HAP How happy did you feel during this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_HOPE How hopeful did you feel during this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_HOW Did this interaction happen in person or digitally? ESM —
SOCINT_HOW_SPECIFY Text entry if specified "Other" for interact_how ESM —
SOCINT_NERV How nervous did you feel during this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_QUAL How would you rate the quality of this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_REAP_1 I thought of other ways to interpret the situation ESM —
SOCINT_REAP_2 I looked at the situation from several different angles ESM —
SOCINT_RELAX_1 I tried to slow my heart rate and breathing ESM —
SOCINT_RELAX_2 I took deep breaths ESM —
SOCINT_RLX How relaxed did you feel during this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_RUM_1 I thought about my emotions again and again ESM —
SOCINT_RUM_2 I continually thought about what was making me emotional ESM —
SOCINT_SAD How sad did you feel during this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_STR How stressed did you feel during this interaction? ESM —
SOCINT_SUPR_1 I made an effort to hide my feelings ESM —
SOCINT_SUPR_2 I pretended I wasn't feeling anything ESM —
SOCINT_TIMESPENT How long did you spend in this interaction? ESM —
START_DATETIME Follow up survey start date Follow_up —
STARTED_DATE_TIME Baseline start date Baseline —
STARTED_DATE_TIME Date and time daily survey started ESM —
STR Stressed Follow_up —
STR Stressed Baseline —
SURVEY_COMPLETED Whether the daily diary survey was completed ESM —
SURVEYDAY_NUMBER Daily diary survey day ESM —
SWLS_1 In most ways my life is close to my ideal. Follow_up —
SWLS_1 In most ways my life is close to my ideal. Baseline —
SWLS_2 The conditions of my life are excellent. Baseline —
SWLS_2 The conditions of my life are excellent. Follow_up —
SWLS_3 I am satisfied with my life. Follow_up —
SWLS_3 I am satisfied with my life. Baseline —
SWLS_4 So far I have gotten the important things I want in life. Baseline —
SWLS_4 So far I have gotten the important things I want in life. Follow_up —
SWLS_5 If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing. Baseline —
SWLS_5 If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing. Follow_up —
TOTAL_SURVEYS_COMPLETED Total number of daily diary surveys completed by the particpant across the study ESM —
UCLA_1 I am unhappy doing so many things alone Follow_up —
UCLA_1 I am unhappy doing so many things alone Baseline —
UCLA_10 I feel left out Baseline —
UCLA_10 I feel left out Follow_up —
UCLA_11 I feel completely alone Follow_up —
UCLA_11 I feel completely alone Baseline —
UCLA_12 I am unable to reach out and communicate with those around me Baseline —
UCLA_12 I am unable to reach out and communicate with those around me Follow_up —
UCLA_13 My social relationships are superficial Follow_up —
UCLA_13 My social relationships are superficial Baseline —
UCLA_14 I feel starved for company Baseline —
UCLA_14 I feel starved for company Follow_up —
UCLA_15 No one really knows me well Baseline —
UCLA_15 No one really knows me well Follow_up —
UCLA_16 I feel isolated from others Follow_up —
UCLA_16 I feel isolated from others Baseline —
UCLA_17 I am unhappy being so withdrawn Follow_up —
UCLA_17 I am unhappy being so withdrawn Baseline —
UCLA_18 It is difficult for me to make friends Follow_up —
UCLA_18 It is difficult for me to make friends Baseline —
UCLA_19 I feel shut out and excluded by others Follow_up —
UCLA_19 I feel shut out and excluded by others Baseline —
UCLA_2 I have nobody to talk to Follow_up —
UCLA_2 I have nobody to talk to Baseline —
UCLA_20 People are around me but not with me Baseline —
UCLA_20 People are around me but not with me Follow_up —
UCLA_3 I cannot tolerate being so alone Follow_up —
UCLA_3 I cannot tolerate being so alone Baseline —
UCLA_4 I lack companionship Baseline —
UCLA_4 I lack companionship Follow_up —
UCLA_5 I feel as if nobody really understands me Follow_up —
UCLA_5 I feel as if nobody really understands me Baseline —
UCLA_6 I find myself waiting for people to get in touch Baseline —
UCLA_6 I find myself waiting for people to get in touch Follow_up —
UCLA_7 There is no one I can turn to Baseline —
UCLA_7 There is no one I can turn to Follow_up —
UCLA_8 I am no longer close to anyone Baseline —
UCLA_8 I am no longer close to anyone Follow_up —
UCLA_9 My interests and ideas are not shared by those around me Baseline —
UCLA_9 My interests and ideas are not shared by those around me Follow_up —
UNIMELB_CONNECT Right now, I feel strong ties with students at the University of Melbourne ESM —
UNIMELB_IDENTIFY Right now, I see myself as a University of Melbourne student ESM —
UNIMELB_PLEASED Right now, I am pleased to be a University of Melbourne student ESM —
UNIMELB_STUDENT_IDENTIFY Right now, I identify with students at the University of Melbourne ESM —
VIC_CONNECT Right now, I feel strong ties with Victorians ESM —
VIC_IDENTIFY1 Right now, I see myself as a Victorian ESM —
VIC_IDENTIFY_2 Right now, I identify with Victorians ESM —
VIC_PLEASED Right now, I am pleased to be a Victorian ESM —
VIC_RESIDE Are you currently living in Victoria? Baseline —

Publications

Main Publication

Does Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Effort Pay Off?

Title:
Does Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Effort Pay Off?
Authors:
Tran, Anh, Greenaway, Katharine H., Kostopoulos, Joanne, Tamir, Maya, Gutentag, Tony, Kalokerinos, Elise K.
Year of publication:
2024
Publication name:
Emotion
Volume number:
24
Issue number:
2
Page numbers:
345-356
DOI or URL:
10.1037/emo0001289
Publication type:
Refereed Journal Article

Additional publications

  • Tran, A., Greenaway, K. H., Kostopoulos, J., O'Brien, S. T., & Kalokerinos, E. K. (2023). Mapping Interpersonal Emotion Regulation in Everyday Life. Affective science, 4(4), 672–683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42761-023-00223-z
  • Tran, A., Greenaway, K. H., Kostopoulos, J., Tamir, M., Gutentag, T., & Kalokerinos, E. K. (2024). Does interpersonal emotion regulation effort pay off? Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 24(2), 345–356. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001289