Social Connection Daily Diary Study (2020)

Previous Next

Citation article

Title:
Does Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Effort Pay Off?
Authors:
Tran, Anh, Greenaway, Katharine H., Kostopoulos, Joanne, Tamir, Maya, Gutentag, Tony, Kalokerinos, Elise K.
Year of publication:
2024
Publication name:
Emotion
Volume number:
24
Issue number:
2
Page numbers:
345-356
DOI or URL:
10.1037/emo0001289
Publication type:
Refereed Journal Article

Study details

Baseline session:
Yes
Followup session:
Yes
Study design:
The study consisted of three consecutive parts. First, participants completed a baseline session in which they read a Plain Language Statement, completed a consent form, responded to a number of scales, and provided demographic information. The following day, participants commenced the daily diary phase of the study. For seven consecutive days, participants completed a daily diary survey at the end of the day. Participants were asked about their daily social interactions, feelings of loneliness, group identification and emotion regulation. The daily diary survey consisted of 54 questions all items are close-ended questions. Each daily diary was sent out at 5pm, and expired at 11:59pm the same evening. The day after the final daily diary survey, participants completed a follow-up survey in which they responded to a number of scales and were debriefed about the study.
ESM measurement waves:
1
Ethics granting body:
The University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee
Ethics protocol number:
2056479.1
Year/s data was collected:
2020
Location of participants (Countries):
Australia
Background information:
---
Languages:
English
Setting:
---
Collection platform:
---
Days of ESM data collection:
7
Number of ESM measures per day:
1
Sampling schedule:
interval-contingent
ESM schedule start time:
17:00
ESM schedule end time:
23:59
ESM schedule duration:
---

Sample details

Type of sample:
The sample consisted of 171 participants, aged 18-62 (M = 28.96, SD = 11.81, 79% women).
Recruitment information:
Participants were from the community via university advertising. Participants were also recruited via a research experience program within the University of Melbourne psychology department, where undergraduate psychology students receive course credits for participating in research. Participants were required to be over 18 and residing in Victoria, Australia to participate.
Incentives:
University students in the research program were reimbursed up to 2 course credits for their participation. They received 1 course credit for completing the baseline and up to 1 credit for completing the daily diary surveys. They received the full credit amount if they completed all surveys. Community participants received up to $40 dollars for participating. They received $20 for the baseline and follow up survey and up to $20 for the daily diary surveys. Payment was in Australian dollars.
Exclusions:
Fifty-five participants were screened from further participation or excluded prior to analysis for the following reasons (some participants failed multiple criteria): 16 were located outside the specified recruitment location, 22 completed the baseline in less than 10 minutes which indicated careless responding, 5 formally withdrew, 2 were under 18 years old, 6 did not complete any daily diary, and 17 displayed suspicious bot-like behaviors (e.g., using similar emails, signing up within seconds of one another, and unfeasible geolocation changes with every survey). In addition, 6 participants completed the baseline survey twice, so we kept only the most complete entry. This left a final sample of 171.
Number of participants:
171

Contact info

Contact:
Imogen Smith
Contact email:
imogen.smith.1@unimelb.edu.au
Selection Variable Info Assessment type Constructs Branching
UCLA_16 I feel isolated from others Follow_up
UCLA_15 No one really knows me well Follow_up
LONE How lonely did you feel today? ESM
UNIMELB_IDENTIFY Right now, I see myself as a University of Melbourne student ESM
FINISHED Whether the survey was completed ESM
UNIMELB_PLEASED Right now, I am pleased to be a University of Melbourne student ESM
DURATION_TOTAL Time taken to complete survey ESM
UNIMELB_CONNECT Right now, I feel strong ties with students at the University of Melbourne ESM
STARTED_DATE_TIME Date and time daily survey started ESM
SURVEYDAY_NUMBER Daily diary survey day ESM
VIC_IDENTIFY1 Right now, I see myself as a Victorian ESM
VIC_PLEASED Right now, I am pleased to be a Victorian ESM
VIC_CONNECT Right now, I feel strong ties with Victorians ESM
VIC_IDENTIFY_2 Right now, I identify with Victorians ESM
BFI2_20 Is fascinated by art, music, or literature Baseline
BFI2_19 Can be tense Baseline
BFI2_18 Is systematic, likes to keep things in order Baseline
BFI2_17 Feels little sympathy for others Baseline
BFI2_16 Tends to be quiet Baseline
BFI2_15 Is inventive, finds clever ways to do things Baseline
BFI2_14 Is moody, has up and down mood swings Baseline
BFI2_13 Is dependable, steady Baseline
IEREeffort_intention Did you try to influence the emotions of other people during this interaction? ESM
IEREeffort_amount_1 How much effort did you put into influencing the emotions of other people during this interaction? ESM
IEREeffort_type How did you try to influence your emotions during this interaction? Please select all that apply ESM
SOCINT_ACPT_1 I accepted my emotions as they were ESM
SOCINT_ACPT_2 I was able to experience my emotions without immediately trying to fight them off ESM
SOCINT_RELAX_1 I tried to slow my heart rate and breathing ESM
SOCINT_RELAX_2 I took deep breaths ESM
SOCINT_EXP_1 I showed my feelings ESM
SOCINT_EXP_2 I expressed my feelings ESM
SOCINT_RUM_1 I thought about my emotions again and again ESM
SOCINT_RUM_2 I continually thought about what was making me emotional ESM
SOCINT_REAP_1 I thought of other ways to interpret the situation ESM
SOCINT_REAP_2 I looked at the situation from several different angles ESM
SOCINT_DIST_1 I engaged in something else to keep busy ESM
SOCINT_DIST_2 I engaged in activities to distract myself ESM
SOCINT_SUPR_1 I made an effort to hide my feelings ESM
SOCINT_SUPR_2 I pretended I wasn't feeling anything ESM
IER_SOCSHR Someone encouraged me to share my feelings with them ESM
IER_LISTEN Someone made an effort to listen to me ESM
SOCINT_HOW Did this interaction happen in person or digitally? ESM
SOCINT_HOW_SPECIFY Text entry if specified "Other" for interact_how ESM
SOCINT_TIMESPENT How long did you spend in this interaction? ESM
SOCINT_NERV How nervous did you feel during this interaction? ESM
SOCINT_ANG How angry did you feel during this interaction? ESM
SOCINT_STR How stressed did you feel during this interaction? ESM
SOCINT_HAP How happy did you feel during this interaction? ESM
SOCINT_HOPE How hopeful did you feel during this interaction? ESM
SOCINT_ER_SUCCESS How successful were you in controlling your emotions during this interaction? ESM
IERIeffort_intention Did you try use other people to influence your own emotions during this interaction? ESM
IERIeffort_amount_1 How much effort did you put into using other people to influence your own emotions during this interaction? ESM
IERIeffort_type How did you use other people to influence your emotions during this interaction? Please select all that apply ESM
SOCINT_ER_TRY Did you try to influence your emotions during this interaction? ESM
EMOTION_CTRL Did you feel like you could control your emotions during this interaction? ESM
SOCINT_RLX How relaxed did you feel during this interaction? ESM
SOCINT_SAD How sad did you feel during this interaction? ESM
SOCINT_QUAL How would you rate the quality of this interaction? ESM
ER_EFFORT How much effort did you put into influencing your own emotions? ESM
ER_EFFORT_TYPE How did you try to influence your emotions during this interaction? Please select all that apply ESM
IER_DEVALUE Someone ignored or invalidated my feelings ESM
IER_ADVICE Someone gave me advice ESM
IER_REAP Someone helped me to see a situation in a new light ESM
IER_PHYSTOUCH Someone communicated their thoughts and feelings to me through physical contact (for example, a pat on the shoulder, a hug) ESM
IER_PRESENCE Someone let me know that they were physically present with me ESM
BFI2_12 Tends to find fault with others Baseline
BFI2_11 Rarely feels excited or eager Baseline
BFI2_10 Is curious about many different things Baseline
BFI2_9 Stays optimistic after experiencing a setback Baseline
BFI2_8 Tends to be lazy Baseline
BFI2_7 Is respectful, treats others with respect Baseline
BFI2_6 Has an assertive personality Baseline
BFI2_5 Has few artistic interests Baseline
BFI2_4 Is relaxed, handles stress well Baseline
BFI2_3 Tends to be disorganized Baseline
BFI2_2 Is compassionate, has a soft heart Baseline
BFI2_1 Is outgoing, sociable Baseline
CONSENT I have read the above information and consent to participate in this project (please select one) Baseline
LANG Language baseline completed in Baseline
COMPLETED_DATE_TIME Date and time baseline completed Baseline
FINISHED Whether baseline was finished Baseline
DURATION_TOTAL Time taken to complete baseline Baseline
END_DATE_TIME Baseline end date Baseline
STARTED_DATE_TIME Baseline start date Baseline
COMPLIANCE Percentage compliance (number of surveys completed/number of surveys received) ESM
TOTAL_SURVEYS_COMPLETED Total number of daily diary surveys completed by the particpant across the study ESM
SURVEY_COMPLETED Whether the daily diary survey was completed ESM
BFI2_50 Thinks poetry and plays are boring Baseline
BFI2_49 Rarely feels anxious or afraid Baseline
BFI2_48 Leaves a mess, doesn’t clean up Baseline
BFI2_47 Can be cold and uncaring Baseline
BFI2_46 Is talkative Baseline
BFI2_45 Has difficulty imagining things Baseline
BFI2_44 Keeps their emotions under control Baseline
BFI2_43 Is reliable, can always be counted on Baseline
BFI2_42 Is suspicious of others’ intentions Baseline
BFI2_41 Is full of energy Baseline
BFI2_40 Is complex, a deep thinker Baseline
BFI2_39 Often feels sad Baseline
BFI2_38 Is efficient, gets things done Baseline
BFI2_37 Is sometimes rude to others Baseline
BFI2_36 Finds it hard to influence people Baseline
BFI2_35 Values art and beauty Baseline
BFI2_34 Worries a lot Baseline
BFI2_33 Keeps things neat and tidy Baseline
BFI2_32 Is helpful and unselfish with others Baseline
BFI2_31 Is sometimes shy, introverted Baseline
BFI2_30 Has little creativity Baseline
BFI2_29 Is emotionally stable, not easily upset Baseline
BFI2_28 Can be somewhat careless Baseline
BFI2_27 Has a forgiving nature Baseline
BFI2_26 Is less active than other people Baseline
BFI2_25 Avoids intellectual, philosophical discussions Baseline
BFI2_24 Feels secure, comfortable with self Baseline
BFI2_23 Has difficulty getting started on tasks Baseline
BFI2_22 Starts arguments with others Baseline
BFI2_21 Is dominant, acts as a leader Baseline
CESD_4 I felt I was just as good as other people. Baseline
CESD_3 I felt that I could not shake off the blues even with help from my family or friends. Baseline
CESD_2 I did not feel like eating; my appetite was poor. Baseline
CESD_1 I was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me. Baseline
GAD_7 Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen Baseline
GAD_6 Becoming easily annoyed or irritable Baseline
GAD_5 Being so restless that it's hard to sit still Baseline
GAD_4 Trouble relaxing Baseline
GAD_3 Worrying too much about different things Baseline
GAD_2 Not being able to stop or control worrying Baseline
GAD_1 Feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge Baseline
SWL_5 If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing. Baseline
SWL_4 So far I have gotten the important things I want in life. Baseline
SWL_3 I am satisfied with my life. Baseline
SWL_2 The conditions of my life are excellent. Baseline
SWL_1 In most ways my life is close to my ideal. Baseline
BFI2_60 Is original, comes up with new ideas Baseline
BFI2_59 Is temperamental, gets emotional easily Baseline
BFI2_58 Sometimes behaves irresponsibly Baseline
BFI2_57 Assumes the best about people Baseline
BFI2_56 Shows a lot of enthusiasm Baseline
BFI2_55 Has little interest in abstract ideas Baseline
BFI2_54 Tends to feel depressed, blue Baseline
BFI2_53 Is persistent, works until the task is finished Baseline
BFI2_52 Is polite, courteous to others Baseline
BFI2_51 Prefers to have others take charge Baseline
SGSES_9 When I decide to do something, I go right to work on it Baseline
SGSES_8 When I have something unpleasant to do, I stick to it until I finish it Baseline
SGSES_7 If something looks too complicated, I will not even bother to try it Baseline
SGSES_6 I avoid facing difficulties Baseline
SGSES_5 I give up on things before completing them Baseline
SGSES_4 When I set important goals for myself, I rarely achieve them Baseline
SGSES_3 If I can’t do a job the first time, I keep tyring until I can Baseline
SGSES_2 One of my problems is that I cannot get down to work when I should Baseline
SGSES_1 When I make plans, I am certain I can make them work Baseline
CESD_20 I could not get “going.” Baseline
CESD_19 I felt that people dislike me Baseline
CESD_18 I felt sad Baseline
CESD_17 I had crying spells Baseline
CESD_16 I enjoyed life Baseline
CESD_15 People were unfriendly Baseline
CESD_14 I felt lonely Baseline
CESD_13 I talked less than usual Baseline
CESD_12 I was happy Baseline
CESD_11 My sleep was restless. Baseline
CESD_10 I felt fearful Baseline
CESD_9 I thought my life had been a failure Baseline
CESD_8 I felt hopeful about the future. Baseline
CESD_7 I felt that everything I did was an effort. Baseline
CESD_6 I felt depressed. Baseline
CESD_5 I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing. Baseline
UCLA_12 I am unable to reach out and communicate with those around me Baseline
UCLA_11 I feel completely alone Baseline
UCLA_10 I feel left out Baseline
UCLA_9 My interests and ideas are not shared by those around me Baseline
UCLA_8 I am no longer close to anyone Baseline
UCLA_7 There is no one I can turn to Baseline
UCLA_6 I find myself waiting for people to get in touch Baseline
UCLA_5 I feel as if nobody really understands me Baseline
UCLA_4 I lack companionship Baseline
UCLA_3 I cannot tolerate being so alone Baseline
UCLA_2 I have nobody to talk to Baseline
UCLA_1 I am unhappy doing so many things alone Baseline
SGSES_23 I have acquired my friends through my personal abilities at making friends Baseline
SGSES_22 I do not handle myself well in social gatherings Baseline
SGSES_21 When I’m trying to become friends with someone who seems uninterested at first, I don’t give up easily Baseline
SGSES_20 If I meet someone interesting who is hard to make friends with, I’ll soon stop trying to make friends with that person Baseline
SGSES_19 If I see someone I would like to meet, I go to that person instead of waiting for him or her to come to me Baseline
SGSES_18 It is difficult for me to make new friends Baseline
SGSES_17 I do not seem capable of dealing with most problems that come up in my life Baseline
SGSES_16 I give up easily Baseline
SGSES_15 I am a self-reliant person Baseline
SGSES_14 I feel insecure about my ability to do things Baseline
SGSES_13 Failure just makes me try harder Baseline
SGSES_12 I avoid trying to learn new things when they look too difficult for me Baseline
SGSES_11 When unexpected problems occur, I don’t handle them well Baseline
SGSES_10 When trying to learn something new, I soon give up if I am not initially successful Baseline
IERQ_6 Being in the presence of certain other people feels good when I'm elated Baseline
IERQ_5 Hearing another person's thoughts on how to handle things helps me when I am worried Baseline
IERQ_4 I look for other people to offer me compassion when I'm upset Baseline
IERQ_3 I like being around others when I'm excited to share my joy Baseline
IERQ_2 It helps me deal with my depressed mood when others point out that things aren't as bad as they seem Baseline
IERQ_1 It makes me feel better to learn how others dealt with their emotions Baseline
RESS_14 I pretend I am not feeling anything Baseline
RESS_13 I make an effort to hide my feelings Baseline
RESS_12 I engage in activities to distract myself Baseline
RESS_11 I engage in something else to keep busy Baseline
RESS_10 I look at the situation from several different angles Baseline
RESS_9 I think of other ways to interpret the situation Baseline
RESS_8 I continually think about what is making me emotional Baseline
RESS_7 I think about my emotions again and again Baseline
RESS_6 I express my feelings Baseline
RESS_5 I show my feelings Baseline
RESS_4 I take deep breaths Baseline
RESS_3 I try to slow my heart rate and breathing Baseline
RESS_2 I talk to others about my emotions Baseline
RESS_1 I accept my emotions as they are Baseline
UCLA_20 People are around me but not with me Baseline
UCLA_19 I feel shut out and excluded by others Baseline
UCLA_18 It is difficult for me to make friends Baseline
UCLA_17 I am unhappy being so withdrawn Baseline
UCLA_16 I feel isolated from others Baseline
UCLA_15 No one really knows me well Baseline
UCLA_14 I feel starved for company Baseline
UCLA_13 My social relationships are superficial Baseline
IRQ_9 When things are going well, I just have to tell other people about it Baseline
IRQ_8 I really appreciate having other people to help me figure out my problems Baseline
IRQ_7 It really helps me feel better during stressful situations when someone knows and cares about what I’m going through Baseline
IRQ_6 Sometimes I just need someone to understand where I’m coming from Baseline
IRQ_5 I appreciate having others’ support through difficult times Baseline
IRQ_4 I manage my emotions by expressing them to others Baseline
IRQ_3 I just have to get help from someone when things are going wrong Baseline
IRQ_2 When I’m having trouble, I cannot wait to tell someone about it Baseline
IRQ_1 When something bad happens, my first impulse is to seek out the company of others Baseline
IERQ_20 If I'm upset, I like knowing what other people would do if they were in my situation Baseline
IERQ_19 When I feel sad, I seek out others for consolation Baseline
IERQ_18 When I feel elated, I seek out other people to make them happy Baseline
IERQ_17 Having people telling me not to worry can calm me down when I am anxious Baseline
IERQ_16 I look to other people when I feel depressed just to know that I am loved Baseline
IERQ_15 When I'm sad, it helps me to hear how others have dealt with similar feelings Baseline
IERQ_14 When I am annoyed, others can soothe me by telling me not to worry Baseline
IERQ_13 Because happiness is contagious, I seek out other people when I'm happy Baseline
IERQ_12 I look to others for comfort when I feel upset Baseline
IERQ_11 Seeing how others would handle the same situation helps me when I am frustrated Baseline
IERQ_10 When I am upset, others make me feel better by making me realize that things could be a lot worse Baseline
IERQ_9 Feeling upset often causes me to seek out others who will express sympathy Baseline
IERQ_8 I like being in the presence of others when I feel positive because it magnifies the good feeling Baseline
IERQ_7 Having people remind me that others are worse off helps me when I'm upset Baseline
COVID_SELF Have you had, or do you have, COVID-19? Baseline
COVID_LIVING_SPECIFY Living situation text entry if specifed "Other" Baseline
COVID_LIVING_OTHER How many people are with you in your living quarters? (please only enter a number) Baseline
COVID_EMPLOY Due to COVID-19 (select all that apply) Baseline
COVID_EMPLOY_SPECIFY b_covid_employment text entry (If specfied "Other") Baseline
COVID_WORRY In general, how worried are you about COVID-19? Baseline
COVID_ILLNESS Do you have a chronic physical illness (e.g. diabetes, asthma)? Baseline
COVID_HEALTHCARE Do you work in the healthcare industry? Baseline
COVID_DEPEND How many of the people who live with you depend on you? (e.g. kids, elders, people with special needs) Baseline
COVID_LIVING I'm living Baseline
COVID_OTHERS Have any of your close family members had COVID-19? Baseline
RLX Relaxed Baseline
HAP Happy Baseline
HOPE Hopeful Baseline
LONE Lonely Baseline
STR Stressed Baseline
ANG Angry Baseline
NERV Nervous Baseline
SAD Sad Baseline
IRQ_16 I really enjoy being around the people I know Baseline
IRQ_15 I find that even just being around other people can help me to feel better Baseline
IRQ_14 Being with other people tends to put a smile on my face Baseline
IRQ_13 I’m happier when I’m with my friends than when I’m by myself Baseline
IRQ_12 When I want to celebrate something good, I seek out certain people to tell them about it Baseline
IRQ_11 When things are going well, I feel compelled to seek out other people Baseline
IRQ_10 When something good happens, my first impulse is to tell someone about it Baseline
AGE What is your age in years (please ONLY enter a NUMBER)? Baseline
b_nationality What is your nationality (e.g., British, Australian)? Baseline
VIC_RESIDE Are you currently living in Victoria? Baseline
AUST_RESIDE Are you currently living in Australia? Baseline
GENDER What is your gender? Baseline
NATION What is your nationality (e.g., British, Australian)? Baseline
RELAT What is your relationship status? Baseline
f_RecordedDate Time and date follow up survey completed Follow_up
LANG Language follow up survey completed in Follow_up
SGSES_11 When unexpected problems occur, I don’t handle them well Follow_up
CESD_2 I did not feel like eating; my appetite was poor. Follow_up
CESD_1 I was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me. Follow_up
GAD_7 Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen Follow_up
GAD_6 Becoming easily annoyed or irritable Follow_up
GAD_5 Being so restless that it's hard to sit still Follow_up
GAD_4 Trouble relaxing Follow_up
GAD_3 Worrying too much about different things Follow_up
GAD_2 Not being able to stop or control worrying Follow_up
GAD_1 Feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge Follow_up
SWL_5 If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing. Follow_up
SWL_4 So far I have gotten the important things I want in life. Follow_up
SWL_3 I am satisfied with my life. Follow_up
SWL_2 The conditions of my life are excellent. Follow_up
SWL_1 In most ways my life is close to my ideal. Follow_up
DURATION_TOTAL Time taken to complete follow up survey Follow_up
COMPLETED_DATETIME Follow up survey end date Follow_up
START_DATETIME Follow up survey start date Follow_up
ESL Is English your first language? Baseline
SGSES_1 When I make plans, I am certain I can make them work Follow_up
SGSES_2 One of my problems is that I cannot get down to work when I should Follow_up
SGSES_3 If I can’t do a job the first time, I keep tyring until I can Follow_up
SGSES_4 When I set important goals for myself, I rarely achieve them Follow_up
SGSES_5 I give up on things before completing them Follow_up
SGSES_6 I avoid facing difficulties Follow_up
SGSES_7 If something looks too complicated, I will not even bother to try it Follow_up
SGSES_8 When I have something unpleasant to do, I stick to it until I finish it Follow_up
SGSES_9 When I decide to do something, I go right to work on it Follow_up
SGSES_10 When trying to learn something new, I soon give up if I am not initially successful Follow_up
CESD_20 I could not get “going.” Follow_up
CESD_19 I felt that people dislike me Follow_up
CESD_18 I felt sad Follow_up
CESD_17 I had crying spells Follow_up
CESD_16 I enjoyed life Follow_up
CESD_15 People were unfriendly Follow_up
CESD_14 I felt lonely Follow_up
CESD_13 I talked less than usual Follow_up
CESD_12 I was happy Follow_up
CESD_11 My sleep was restless. Follow_up
CESD_10 I felt fearful Follow_up
CESD_9 I thought my life had been a failure Follow_up
CESD_8 I felt hopeful about the future. Follow_up
CESD_7 I felt that everything I did was an effort. Follow_up
CESD_6 I felt depressed. Follow_up
CESD_5 I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing. Follow_up
CESD_4 I felt I was just as good as other people. Follow_up
CESD_3 I felt that I could not shake off the blues even with help from my family or friends. Follow_up
SGSES_12 I avoid trying to learn new things when they look too difficult for me Follow_up
SGSES_13 Failure just makes me try harder Follow_up
SGSES_14 I feel insecure about my ability to do things Follow_up
SGSES_15 I am a self-reliant person Follow_up
SGSES_16 I give up easily Follow_up
SGSES_17 I do not seem capable of dealing with most problems that come up in my life Follow_up
SGSES_18 It is difficult for me to make new friends Follow_up
SGSES_19 If I see someone I would like to meet, I go to that person instead of waiting for him or her to come to me Follow_up
SGSES_20 If I meet someone interesting who is hard to make friends with, I’ll soon stop trying to make friends with that person Follow_up
SGSES_21 When I’m trying to become friends with someone who seems uninterested at first, I don’t give up easily Follow_up
SGSES_22 I do not handle myself well in social gatherings Follow_up
SGSES_23 I have acquired my friends through my personal abilities at making friends Follow_up
UCLA_14 I feel starved for company Follow_up
UCLA_13 My social relationships are superficial Follow_up
UCLA_12 I am unable to reach out and communicate with those around me Follow_up
UCLA_11 I feel completely alone Follow_up
UCLA_10 I feel left out Follow_up
UCLA_3 I cannot tolerate being so alone Follow_up
UCLA_9 My interests and ideas are not shared by those around me Follow_up
UCLA_8 I am no longer close to anyone Follow_up
UCLA_7 There is no one I can turn to Follow_up
UCLA_6 I find myself waiting for people to get in touch Follow_up
UCLA_5 I feel as if nobody really understands me Follow_up
UCLA_4 I lack companionship Follow_up
UCLA_2 I have nobody to talk to Follow_up
UCLA_1 I am unhappy doing so many things alone Follow_up
IERQ_1 It makes me feel better to learn how others dealt with their emotions Follow_up
IERQ_2 It helps me deal with my depressed mood when others point out that things aren't as bad as they seem Follow_up
IERQ_3 I like being around others when I'm excited to share my joy Follow_up
IERQ_4 I look for other people to offer me compassion when I'm upset Follow_up
IERQ_5 Hearing another person's thoughts on how to handle things helps me when I am worried Follow_up
IERQ_6 Being in the presence of certain other people feels good when I'm elated Follow_up
IERQ_7 Having people remind me that others are worse off helps me when I'm upset Follow_up
IERQ_8 I like being in the presence of others when I feel positive because it magnifies the good feeling Follow_up
RESS_14 I pretend I am not feeling anything Follow_up
RESS_13 I make an effort to hide my feelings Follow_up
RESS_12 I engage in activities to distract myself Follow_up
RESS_11 I engage in something else to keep busy Follow_up
RESS_10 I look at the situation from several different angles Follow_up
RESS_9 I think of other ways to interpret the situation Follow_up
RESS_8 I continually think about what is making me emotional Follow_up
RESS_7 I think about my emotions again and again Follow_up
RESS_6 I express my feelings Follow_up
RESS_5 I show my feelings Follow_up
RESS_4 I take deep breaths Follow_up
RESS_3 I try to slow my heart rate and breathing Follow_up
RESS_2 I talk to others about my emotions Follow_up
RESS_1 I accept my emotions as they are Follow_up
UCLA_20 People are around me but not with me Follow_up
UCLA_19 I feel shut out and excluded by others Follow_up
UCLA_18 It is difficult for me to make friends Follow_up
UCLA_17 I am unhappy being so withdrawn Follow_up
IERQ_9 Feeling upset often causes me to seek out others who will express sympathy Follow_up
IERQ_10 When I am upset, others make me feel better by making me realize that things could be a lot worse Follow_up
IERQ_11 Seeing how others would handle the same situation helps me when I am frustrated Follow_up
IERQ_12 I look to others for comfort when I feel upset Follow_up
IERQ_13 Because happiness is contagious, I seek out other people when I'm happy Follow_up
IERQ_14 When I am annoyed, others can soothe me by telling me not to worry Follow_up
IERQ_15 When I'm sad, it helps me to hear how others have dealt with similar feelings Follow_up
IERQ_16 I look to other people when I feel depressed just to know that I am loved Follow_up
IERQ_17 Having people telling me not to worry can calm me down when I am anxious Follow_up
IERQ_18 When I feel elated, I seek out other people to make them happy Follow_up
IERQ_19 When I feel sad, I seek out others for consolation Follow_up
IERQ_20 If I'm upset, I like knowing what other people would do if they were in my situation Follow_up
IRQ_11 When things are going well, I feel compelled to seek out other people Follow_up
IRQ_10 When something good happens, my first impulse is to tell someone about it Follow_up
IRQ_9 When things are going well, I just have to tell other people about it Follow_up
IRQ_8 I really appreciate having other people to help me figure out my problems Follow_up
IRQ_7 It really helps me feel better during stressful situations when someone knows and cares about what I’m going through Follow_up
IRQ_6 Sometimes I just need someone to understand where I’m coming from Follow_up
IRQ_5 I appreciate having others’ support through difficult times Follow_up
IRQ_4 I manage my emotions by expressing them to others Follow_up
IRQ_3 I just have to get help from someone when things are going wrong Follow_up
IRQ_2 When I’m having trouble, I cannot wait to tell someone about it Follow_up
IRQ_1 When something bad happens, my first impulse is to seek out the company of others Follow_up
RLX Relaxed Follow_up
HAP Happy Follow_up
HOPE Hopeful Follow_up
LONE Lonely Follow_up
STR Stressed Follow_up
ANG Angry Follow_up
NERV Nervous Follow_up
SAD Sad Follow_up
IRQ_16 I really enjoy being around the people I know Follow_up
IRQ_15 I find that even just being around other people can help me to feel better Follow_up
IRQ_14 Being with other people tends to put a smile on my face Follow_up
IRQ_13 I’m happier when I’m with my friends than when I’m by myself Follow_up
IRQ_12 When I want to celebrate something good, I seek out certain people to tell them about it Follow_up
IER_ANGER Someone expressed anger or hostility toward me ESM
SOCINT_DIGITAL Did you interact with anyone digitally today (e.g., via phone or computer)? ESM
SOCINT Did you interact with anyone in person today? ESM
UNIMELB_STUDENT_IDENTIFY Right now, I identify with students at the University of Melbourne ESM

Contact us: emote-database@unimelb.edu.au

University privacy