RESS-EMA study

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Citation article

Title:
Regulating emotion systems in everyday life: Reliability and validity of the RESS-EMA scale.
Authors:
Medland, H., De France, K., Hollenstein, T., Mussoff, D., Koval, P.
Year of publication:
2020
Publication name:
European Journal of Psychological Assessment
Volume number:
36
Issue number:
3
Page numbers:
437–446
DOI or URL:
https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000595
Publication type:
---

Study details

Baseline session:
Yes
Followup session:
No
Study design:
Investigated emotion and emotion regulation eight times daily for 7 days.
ESM measurement waves:
1
Ethics granting body:
The University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee
Ethics protocol number:
1851354.1
Year/s data was collected:
2018
Location of participants (Countries):
Australia
Background information:
Baseline occurred the day before the ESM component.
Languages:
English
Setting:
---
Collection platform:
SEMA2
Preregistration URL:
---
Days of ESM data collection:
7
Number of ESM measures per day:
8
Sampling schedule:
signal-contingent
ESM schedule start time:
9:00
ESM schedule end time:
21:00
ESM schedule duration:
12

Sample details

Type of sample:
Community members, Undergraduate students
Recruitment information:
Community sample recruited via online advertisements.
Incentives:
Undergraduate students: course credit. Community sample: up to AUD $45.
Exclusions:
4 participants withdrew from the study prior to commencing the EMA protocol.
Number of participants:
128

Contact info

Contact:
Peter Koval
Contact email:
p.koval@unimelb.edu.au
Selection Variable Info Assessment type Constructs Branching
AGE How old are you in years? Baseline AGE DEMOGRAPHICS
BFI2_1 Is outgoing, sociable. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_10 Is curious about many different things. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_11 Rarely feels excited or eager. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_12 Tends to find fault with others. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_13 Is dependable, steady. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_14 Is moody, has up and down mood swings. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_15 Is inventive, finds clever ways to do things. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_16 Tends to be quiet. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_17 Feels little sympathy for others. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_18 Is systematic, likes to keep things in order. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_19 Can be tense. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_2 Is compassionate, has a soft heart. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_20 Is fascinated by art, music, or literature. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_21 Is dominant, acts as a leader. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_22 Starts arguments with others. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_23 Has difficulty getting started on tasks. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_24 Feels secure, comfortable with self. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_25 Avoids intellectual, philosophical discussions. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_26 Is less active than other people. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_27 Has a forgiving nature. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_28 Can be somewhat careless. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_29 Is emotionally stable, not easily upset. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_3 Tends to be disorganized Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_30 Has little creativity. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_31 Is sometimes shy, introverted. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_32 Is helpful and unselfish with others. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_33 Keeps things neat and tidy. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_34 Worries a lot. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_35 Values art and beauty. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_36 Finds it hard to influence people. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_37 Is sometimes rude to others. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_38 Is efficient, gets things done. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_39 Often feels sad. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_4 Is relaxed, handles stress well. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_40 Is complex, a deep thinker. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_41 Is full of energy. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_42 Is suspicious of others’ intentions. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_43 Is reliable, can always be counted on. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_44 Keeps their emotions under control. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_45 Has difficulty imagining things. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_46 Is talkative Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_47 Can be cold and uncaring. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_48 Leaves a mess, doesn’t clean up. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_49 Rarely feels anxious or afraid. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_5 Has few artistic interests. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_50 Thinks poetry and plays are boring. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_51 Prefers to have others take charge. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_52 Is polite, courteous to others. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_53 Is persistent, works until the task is finished. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_54 Tends to feel depressed, blue. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_55 Has little interest in abstract ideas. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_56 Shows a lot of enthusiasm. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_57 Assumes the best about people. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_58 Sometimes behaves irresponsibly. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_59 Is temperamental, gets emotional easily. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
BFI2_6 Has an assertive personality. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY
BFI2_60 Is original, comes up with new ideas. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_7 Is respectful, treats others with respect Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_8 Tends to be lazy Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY
BFI2_9 Stays optimistic after experiencing a setback. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY
COPE_16 I daydream about things other than this Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
COPE_17 I get upset, and am really aware of it Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
COPE_2 I turn to work or other substitute activities to take my mind off things Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
COPE_28 I let my feelings out Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
COPE_3 I get upset and let my emotions out Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
COPE_31 I sleep more than usual Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
COPE_43 I go to movies or watch TV to think about it less Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
COPE_46 I feel a lot of emotional distress and I find myself expressing those feelings a lot Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
CTRL Situational control (How much control did you have over the situation that caused this emotion?) ESM APPRAISAL CONTROLLABILITY
CTRL_RT Response time (milliseconds) for "ctrl" ESM
DERS_1 I am clear about my feelings Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_10 When I'm upset, I acknowledge my emotions Baseline AWARENESS EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_11 When I'm upset, I become angry with myself for feeling that way Baseline ACCEPTANCE EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DERS_12 When I'm upset, I become embarrassed for feeling that way Baseline ACCEPTANCE EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DERS_13 When I'm upset, I have difficulty getting work done Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION GOAL
DERS_14 When I'm upset, I become out of control Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION IMPULSIVITY
DERS_15 When I'm upset, I believe that I will remain that way for a long time Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
DERS_16 When I'm upset, I believe that I will end up feeling very depressed Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
DERS_17 When I'm upset, I believe that my feelings are valid and important Baseline AWARENESS EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_18 When I'm upset, I have difficulty focusing on other things Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION GOAL
DERS_19 When I'm upset, I feel out of control Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION IMPULSIVITY
DERS_2 I pay attention to how I fee Baseline AWARENESS EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_20 When I'm upset, I can still get things done Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION GOAL
DERS_21 When I'm upset, I feel shamed at myself for feeling that way Baseline ACCEPTANCE EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DERS_22 When I'm upset, I know that I can find a way to eventually feel better Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION PROBLEM_SOLVING STRATEGY
DERS_23 When I'm upset, I feel like I am weak Baseline ACCEPTANCE EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DERS_24 When I'm upset, I feel like I can remain in control of my behaviours Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION IMPULSIVITY
DERS_25 When I'm upset, I feel guilty for feeling that way Baseline ACCEPTANCE EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DERS_26 When I'm upset, I have difficulty concentrating Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION GOAL
DERS_27 When I'm upset, I have difficulty controlling my behaviours Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION IMPULSIVITY
DERS_28 When I'm upset, I believe there is nothing I can do to make myself feel better Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
DERS_29 When I'm upset, I become irritated at myself for feeling that way Baseline ACCEPTANCE EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DERS_3 I experience my emotions as overwhelming and out of control Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION IMPULSIVITY
DERS_30 When I'm upset, I start to feel very bad about myself Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
DERS_31 When I'm upset, I believe that wallowing in it is all I can do Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
DERS_32 When I'm upset, I lose control over my behaviour Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION IMPULSIVITY
DERS_33 When I'm upset, I have difficulty thinking about anything else Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION GOAL
DERS_34 When I'm upset, I take time to figure out what I'm really feelin Baseline AWARENESS EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_35 When I'm upset, it takes me a long time to feel beter Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
DERS_36 When I'm upset, my emotions feel overwhelming Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
DERS_4 I have no idea how I am feeling Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_5 I have difficulty making sense out of my feelings Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_6 I am attentive to my feelings Baseline AWARENESS EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_7 I know exactly how I am feeling Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_8 I care about what I am feeling Baseline AWARENESS EMOTION_REGULATION
DERS_9 I am confused about how I feel Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_REGULATION
DRS_1 Try to find something positive in the situation or something you learned Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DRS_10 Do something fun with a friend Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DRS_2 Think "I'm going to do something to make myself feel better" Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DRS_3 Help someone else with something in order to distract yourself Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DRS_4 Remind yourself these feelings won't last Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DRS_5 Go to a favourite place to get your mind off your feelings Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DRS_6 Think "I'll concentrate on something other than how I feel" Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DRS_7 Do something that has made you feel better in the past Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DRS_8 Think "I'm going to go out and have some fun" Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
DRS_9 Do something you enjoy Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
EDU What is the highest level of education you have completed? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EDUCATION
EDU_NOW Student Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT
EES_1 I don't express my emotions to other people Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_10 I can't hide the way I am feeling Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_11 I am not very emotionally expressive Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_12 I am often considered indifferent by others Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_13 I am able to cry in front of other people Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_14 Even if I am feeling very emotional, I don't let others see my feelings Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_15 I think of myself as emotionally expressive Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_16 The way I feel is different from how others think I feel Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_17 I hold my feelings in Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_2 Even when I'm experiencing strong feelings, I don't express them outwardly Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_3 Other people believe me to be very emotional Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_4 People can "read" my emotions Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_5 I keep my feelings to myself Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_6 Other people aren't easily able to observe what I'm feeling Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_7 I display my emotions to other people Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_8 People think of me as an unemotional person Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EES_9 I don't like to let other people see how I am feeling Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
EMOTION_CATEG Strongest negative emotion experienced in the last hour ESM AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
EMOTION_CATEG_RT Response time (milliseconds) for "strong" ESM
EMOTION_CTRL Emotional control (How much control did you have over your emotions?) ESM APPRAISAL CONTROLLABILITY
EMOTION_CTRL_RT Response time (milliseconds) for "emoctrl" ESM
EMOTION_INTENSITY Emotional intensity (How intense was the negative emotion?) ESM AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
EMOTION_INTENSITY_RT Response time (milliseconds) for "int" ESM
EMPLOY_1 Part-time employed Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOY_2 Full-time employed Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOY_3 Unemployed Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOY_4 Retired Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT
ERQ_1 When I want to feel more positive emotion (such as joy or amusement), I change what I’m thinking about. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
ERQ_10 When I want to feel less negative emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
ERQ_2 I keep my emotions to myself. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
ERQ_3 When I want to feel less negative emotion (such as sadness or anger), I change what I’m thinking about. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
ERQ_4 When I am feeling positive emotions, I am careful not to express them. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
ERQ_5 When I’m faced with a stressful situation, I make myself think about it in a way that helps me stay calm. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
ERQ_6 I control my emotions by not expressing them. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
ERQ_7 When I want to feel more positive emotion, I change the way I’m thinking about the situation. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
ERQ_8 I control my emotions by changing the way I think about the situation I’m in. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
ERQ_9 When I am feeling negative emotions, I make sure not to express them. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
ER_SUCCESS Regulatory Success (Overall, how successful were you in managing your emotions?) ESM EMOTION_REGULATION ER_SUCCESS SELF_EFFICACY
ER_SUCCESS_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for scss ESM
GENDER What is your gender? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS GENDER
LAN Is English your first language? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS LANGUAGE
PANAS_X_1 Delighted Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_10 At ease Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_11 Lively Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_12 Calm Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_13 Lonely Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_14 Downhearted Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_15 Jittery Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_16 Energetic Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_17 Relaxed Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_18 Afraid Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_19 Excited Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_2 Joyful Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_20 Frightened Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_21 Enthusiastic Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_22 Scared Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_3 Blue Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_4 Nervous Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_5 Cheerful Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_6 Sad Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_7 Alone Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_8 Shaky Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT
PANAS_X_9 Happy Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT
PSS_1 In general, how often do you feel that you are unable to control the important things in your life? Baseline PSYCHOPATHOLOGY STRESS SYMPTOMS
PSS_2 In general, how often do you feel confident about your ability to handle your personal problems? Baseline PSYCHOPATHOLOGY STRESS SYMPTOMS
PSS_3 In general, how often do you feel that things are going your way? Baseline PSYCHOPATHOLOGY STRESS SYMPTOMS
PSS_4 In general, how often do you feel difficulties are piling up so high that you cannot overcome them? Baseline PSYCHOPATHOLOGY STRESS SYMPTOMS
RACE_1 Caucasian (White) Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_10 Prefer not to say Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_2 Chinese Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_3 South Asian/Desi (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, etc.) Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_4 Indonesian Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_5 Other Asian Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_6 Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_7 African or African American Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_8 Middle Eastern Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_9 Hispanic Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RACE_OTHER Other Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY
RELAT What is your relationship status? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT
RESS_1 Thinking repeatedly about what was bothering me Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RESS_10 Continually thinking about what was bothering me Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RESS_11 Outwardly showing what I was feeling Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_12 Vocalising how I was feeling Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_13 Doing something else to distract myself Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
RESS_14 Trying to see the emotional event from a different perspective Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_15 Pretending I was not upset Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_16 Telling others exactly how I felt Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_17 Going over the emotional event again and again in my mind Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RESS_18 Looking at the emotional event from a different perspective Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_19 Expressing my feelings Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_2 Using facial expressions to show that I was upset Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_20 Identifying different angles to see the situation Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_21 Thinking of other ways to interpret the situation Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_22 Engaging in something else to keep busy Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
RESS_23 Showing that I was upset Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_24 Looking at the situation from several different angles Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_25 Hiding my feelings Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_26 Being sure to hide what I was feeling Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_27 Taking deep breaths Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RELAXATION STRATEGY
RESS_28 Continually trying to decide what went wrong Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RESS_29 Engaging in activities to distract myself Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
RESS_3 Acting like I was not upset Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_30 Decreasing tension in my body Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RELAXATION STRATEGY
RESS_31 Making an effort to hide my feelings Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_32 Concealing how I was feeling Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_33 Thinking about the emotional event again and again in my mind Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RESS_34 Thinking again and again about what went wrong Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RESS_35 Trying to pretend I wasn't upset Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_36 Thinking of Alternate ways to see the situation Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_37 Trying to think of the emotional event in a more positive light Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_38 Trying to see the situation in a more positive light Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_4 Letting my emotions show Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_5 Vocalising how I was feeling Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_6 Focusing on slowing my heart rate and breathing Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RELAXATION STRATEGY
RESS_7 Showing my feelings Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_8 Trying to slow my heart rate and breathing Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RELAXATION STRATEGY
RESS_9 Immediately working on something to keep myself busy Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_1 I tried to slow my heart rate and breathing. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION RELAXATION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_10 I engaged in activities to distract myself. ESM DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_10_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Distraction item 2 ESM
RESS_EMA_11 I made an effort to hide my feelings. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_11_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Supression item 1 ESM
RESS_EMA_12 I pretended I wasn't upset. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_12_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Supression item 2 ESM
RESS_EMA_1_RT Response time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Relaxation item 1 ESM
RESS_EMA_2 I took deep breaths. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION RELAXATION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_2_RT Response time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Relaxation item 2 ESM
RESS_EMA_3 I showed my feelings. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_3_RT Response time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Expression item 1 ESM
RESS_EMA_4 I expressed my feelings. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_4_RT Response time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Expression item 2 ESM
RESS_EMA_5 I thought about the emotional event again and again. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_5_RT Response time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Rumination item 1 ESM
RESS_EMA_6 I continually thought about what was bothering me. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_6_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Rumination item 2 ESM
RESS_EMA_7 I thought of other ways to interpret the situation. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_7_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Reappraisal item 1 ESM
RESS_EMA_8 I looked at the situation from several different angles. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_8_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Reappraisal item 2 ESM
RESS_EMA_9 I engaged in something else to keep busy. ESM DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
RESS_EMA_9_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for RESS-EMA Distraction item 1 ESM
RRS_1 Think about how alone you feel Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_10 Think "Why do I always react this way?" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_11 Go away by yourself and think about why you feel this way Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_12 Write down what you are thinking about and analyse it Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_13 Think about a recent situation, wishing it had gone better Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_14 Think "I won't be able to concentrate if I keep feeling this way" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_15 Think "Why do I have problems other people don't have?" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_16 Think "Why can't I handle things better?" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_17 Think about how sad you feel Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_18 Think about all your shortcomings, failing, faults, mistakes Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_19 Think about how you don't feel up to doing anything Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_2 Think "I won't be able to do my job if I don't snap out of this" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_20 Analyse your personality to try to understand why you are depressed Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_21 Go someplace alone to think about your feelings Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_22 Think about how angry you are with yourself Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_3 Think about your feelings of fatigue and achiness Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_4 Think about how hard it is to concentrate Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_5 Think "What am I doing to deserve this?" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_6 Think about how passive and unmotivated you feel Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_7 Analyse recent events to try to understand why you are depressed Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_8 Think about how you don't seem to feel anything anymore Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RRS_9 Think "Why can't I get going?" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY
RSE_1 On the whole, I am satisfied with myself Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
RSE_10 I have a positive attitude toward myself Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
RSE_2 At times I think I am no good at all Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
RSE_3 I feel I have a number of good qualities Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
RSE_4 I am able to do things as well as most other people Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
RSE_5 I feel I don’t have much to be proud of Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
RSE_6 I certainly feel useless at times Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
RSE_7 I feel that I'm a person of worth Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
RSE_8 I wish I could have more respect for myself Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
RSE_9 All in all, I am inclined to think that I am a failure Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM
SOCSUP1 Social support (present condition) (To what extent did you feel supported by the other person(s) present?) ESM APPRAISAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT
SOCSUP1_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for sprt1 ESM
SOCSUP2 Social support (absent condition) (To what extent would you have benefited from support from others?) ESM APPRAISAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT
SOCSUP2_RT Reaction time (milliseconds) for sprt2 ESM
SOCSUP_CATEG Presence of social supports (Did you feel supported by the other person(s) present?) ESM APPRAISAL SOCIAL_INTERACTION SOCIAL_SUPPORT
SOCSUP_CATEG_RT Response time (milliseconds) for "alone" ESM
VALENCE Current affect (How are you feeling right now?) ESM AFFECT VALENCE
VALENCE_RT Response time (milliseconds) for "now" ESM
WAYS_TR1 Getting away from it for a while; trying to rest or take a vacation Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RELAXATION STRATEGY
WAYS_TR2 Trying to make myself feel better by eating, drinking, smoking, using drugs or medication, etc Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY
WAYS_TR3 Jogging or exercising Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY

2/01/25: Data from 5 participants was removed due to technical issues (outlined in the publication). The UUIDs of these participants: fbd47ade-98af-45f2-8b92-f2f4b2688c2c; 49bec836-ded5-4c60-bb7f-3477e2668876; c2346785-f482-42ad-b085-41c9fd3020bb; 243e717e-8335-46e0-bc80-3872d2dd9ebd; 83e111a8-b502-4145-9fed-52871d64eaf6. 

Contact us: emote-database@unimelb.edu.au

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