Naturalistic Affect at the Interpersonal Level (NAIL) daily diary

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Citation article

Title:
Why Do We Engage in Everyday Interpersonal Emotion Regulation?
Authors:
Anh Tran, Katharine H. Greenaway, Elise K. Kalokerinos
Year of publication:
2024
Publication name:
Why Do We Engage in Everyday Interpersonal Emotion Regulation?
Volume number:
25
Issue number:
2
Page numbers:
300-319
DOI or URL:
https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001399
Publication type:
Refereed Journal Article

Study details

Baseline session:
Yes
Followup session:
No
Study design:
Participants first completed trait measures at baseline. The baseline included attention checks and comprehension checks of the daily diary protocol, which participants must pass to be eligible to proceed to the daily diary portion. The 14-day daily diary portion began the day after baseline. Each evening, participants received a Qualtrics link to the day’s diary between 6pm and 7pm, which they had until 11:59pm the same evening to complete. Each survey contained questions on participants’ most significant social interaction of the day. If they did not have an interaction that day, they instead answered questions about a recent significant interaction.
ESM measurement waves:
1
Ethics granting body:
The Psychology Health and Applied Sciences Human Ethics Sub-Committee of The University of Melbourne
Ethics protocol number:
24101
Year/s data was collected:
2022
Location of participants (Countries):
United Kingdom
Background information:
---
Languages:
English
Setting:
---
Collection platform:
---
Preregistration URL:
https://osf.io/n5aqb/
Days of ESM data collection:
14
Number of ESM measures per day:
1
Sampling schedule:
interval-contingent
ESM schedule start time:
Between 18:00 and 19:00
ESM schedule end time:
23:59 the same evening
ESM schedule duration:
---

Sample details

Type of sample:
Participants were Prolific workers. The sample was demographically representative of the UK.
Recruitment information:
Participants were recruited through Prolific.co, an online data collection platform. To be eligible to participate, participants must be over 18 years old, reside in the UK, and pass all checks for attention and comprehension in the baseline.
Incentives:
We reimbursed participants through Prolific for surveys they have completed each day. Participants received: £3.5 for completing the baseline survey, £0.7 for completing each daily diary (up to £9.80 total), and £2 bonus at the end of the study for completing at least 13 daily diaries.
Exclusions:
Twenty-one participants were excluded prior to analysis based on the following pre-registered criteria: 1 failed the comprehension check, 11 only partially completed the baseline survey, and 9 did not complete any daily diaries.
Number of participants:
200

Contact info

Contact:
Anh Tran
Contact email:
anh.tran@unimelb.edu.au
Selection Variable Info Assessment type Constructs Branching
UUID Default None —
Date_Local Default None —
Time_Local Default None —
AGE What is your age in years? Please only enter a number. Baseline AGE —
ATTEN_TEXT Please describe in 1-2 sentences the last social interaction you had with someone. Baseline SITUATION_CONTEXT SOCIAL_INTERACTION —
BEE_1 Whenever I feel positive emotions, people can easily see exactly what I am feeling. Baseline AFFECT EXPRESSION —
BEE_10 I am an emotionally expressive person Baseline AFFECT EXPRESSION —
BEE_11 I have strong emotions Baseline AFFECT AFFECT_INTENSITY —
BEE_12 I am sometimes unable to hide my feelings, even though I would like to Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION —
BEE_13 Whenever I feel negative emotions, people can easily see exactly what I am feeling. Baseline AFFECT EXPRESSION —
BEE_14 There have been times when I have not been able to stop crying even though I tried to stop Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EMOTION_REGULATION_ATTEMPT —
BEE_15 I experience my emotions very strongly Baseline AFFECT AFFECT_INTENSITY —
BEE_16 What I'm feeling is written all over my face. Baseline EXPRESSION —
BEE_2 I sometimes cry during sad movies Baseline AFFECT SADNESS —
BEE_3 People often do not know what I am feeling Baseline EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EXPRESSION —
BEE_4 I laugh out loud when someone tells me a joke that I think is funny Baseline AFFECT AMUSEMENT EXPRESSION —
BEE_5 It is difficult for me to hide my fear Baseline AFFECT EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION FEAR —
BEE_6 When I'm happy, my feelings show Baseline AFFECT EXPRESSION POSITIVE_AFFECT —
BEE_7 My body reacts very strongly to emotional situations. Baseline AFFECT_INTENSITY AROUSAL —
BEE_8 I've learned it is better to suppress my anger than to show it Baseline ANGER EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION —
BEE_9 No matter how nervous or upset I am, I tend to keep a calm exterior. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION NERVOUSNESS —
BFI_1 Tends to be quiet. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI_10 Has little interest in abstract ideas. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_11 Is full of energy. Baseline ENERGETIC EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI_12 Assumes the best about people. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_13 Is reliable, can always be counted on. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_14 Is emotionally stable, not easily upset. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY —
BFI_15 Is original, comes up with new ideas. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_16 Is outgoing, sociable. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI_17 Can be cold and uncaring. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_18 Keeps things neat and tidy. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_19 Is relaxed, handles stress well. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY —
BFI_2 Is compassionate, has a soft heart. Baseline AGREEABLENESS EMPATHY PERSONALITY —
BFI_20 Has few artistic interests. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_21 Prefers to have others take charge. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI_22 Is respectful, treats others with respect. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_23 Is persistent, works until the task is finished. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_24 Feels secure, comfortable with self. Baseline SELF SELF_ESTEEM —
BFI_25 Is complex, a deep thinker. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_26 Is less active than other people. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI_27 Tends to find fault with others. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_28 Can be somewhat careless. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_29 Is temperamental, gets emotional easily. Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY —
BFI_3 Tends to be disorganized. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_30 Has little creativity. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_4 Worries a lot. Baseline AFFECT WORRY —
BFI_5 Is fascinated by art, music, or literature. Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_6 Is dominant, acts as a leader. Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI_7 Is sometimes rude to others. Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_8 Has difficulty getting started on tasks. Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI_9 Tends to feel depressed, blue. Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CHILD Do you have any children? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS FAMILY —
CHILD_AGE What is your child's age in years (please only enter a number)? If you have more than one child, please enter all of their ages, separated by a comma. Baseline AGE DEMOGRAPHICS FAMILY —
COMMITMENT Are you willing to participate in this study, which includes the current 30-minute baseline survey today, and 14 days of daily surveys starting tomorrow? Each daily survey will be open on Prolific by 7pm and will stay open until 11:59pm the same evening. Each daily survey will take approximately 6 minutes. You will be paid £0.70 for each daily survey you complete, plus a bonus of £2 for completing at least 13 of the 14 surveys. Baseline CONSENT —
COMP_CHECK_1 Talking for 20 minutes on the phone with a family member Baseline SITUATION_CONTEXT SOCIAL_INTERACTION —
COMP_CHECK_2 Having an in-person discussion with colleagues at work for over 30 minutes Baseline SITUATION_CONTEXT SOCIAL_INTERACTION —
COMP_CHECK_3 Texting back and forth with a friend for a few hours in the evening Baseline SITUATION_CONTEXT SOCIAL_INTERACTION SOCIAL_MEDIA —
COMP_CHECK_4 Exchanging pleasantries with a cashier at the grocery store for under one minute Baseline SITUATION_CONTEXT SOCIAL_INTERACTION —
COMP_CHECK_5 Making a public social media post Baseline SITUATION_CONTEXT SOCIAL_INTERACTION SOCIAL_MEDIA —
COMPLETED_DATE Date daily survey completed ESM METADATA —
COMPLETED_TIME Time daily survey completed ESM METADATA —
compliance Person-level variable compliance percentage Global METADATA —
CONSENT I have read the above information and consent to participate in this project. Baseline CONSENT —
COOR_1 It bothers me when other people neglect my needs Baseline REJECTION RELATEDNESS —
COOR_10 I’m not the sort of person who often comes to the aid of others Baseline BENEVOLENCE EMPATHY —
COOR_11 When I have a need, I turn to others I know for help Baseline HELP_SEEK SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
COOR_12 When people get emotionally upset, I tend to avoid them Baseline AVOIDANCE EMPATHY —
COOR_13 I believe people should keep their troubles to themselves Baseline CONCEALMENT SECRECY —
COOR_14 When I have a need that others ignore, I’m hurt Baseline REJECTION RELATEDNESS —
COOR_2 When making a decision, I take other people’s needs and feelings into account Baseline BENEVOLENCE EMPATHY —
COOR_3 I’m not especially sensitive to other people’s feelings Baseline EMPATHY —
COOR_4 I don’t consider myself to be a particularly helpful person Baseline BENEVOLENCE EMPATHY —
COOR_5 I believe people should go out of their way to be helpful Baseline BENEVOLENCE —
COOR_6 I don’t especially enjoy giving others aid Baseline BENEVOLENCE —
COOR_7 I expect people I know to be responsive to my needs and feelings Baseline RELATEDNESS SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
COOR_8 I often go out of my way to help another person Baseline BENEVOLENCE EMPATHY —
COOR_9 I believe it’s best not to get involved taking care of other people’s personal needs Baseline BENEVOLENCE —
COOR_attn If you are reading this, please select '1' Baseline ATTENTION_CHECK —
DASS21_1 I found it hard to wind down Baseline AFFECT STRESS —
DASS21_10 I felt that I had nothing to look forward to Baseline AFFECT DEPRESSION —
DASS21_11 I found myself getting agitated Baseline AFFECT STRESS —
DASS21_12 I found it difficult to relax Baseline AFFECT STRESS —
DASS21_13 I felt down-hearted and blue Baseline AFFECT DEPRESSION —
DASS21_14 I was intolerant of anything that kept me from getting on with what Baseline AFFECT IRRITATION —
DASS21_15 I felt I was close to panic Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY PANIC —
DASS21_16 I was unable to become enthusiastic about anything Baseline AFFECT DEPRESSION —
DASS21_17 I felt I wasn’t worth much as a person Baseline AFFECT DEPRESSION SELF_ESTEEM —
DASS21_18 I felt that I was rather touchy Baseline AFFECT IRRITATION —
DASS21_19 I was aware of the action of my heart in the absence of physicalexe Baseline ANXIETY AROUSAL —
DASS21_2 I was aware of dryness of my mouth Baseline ANXIETY AROUSAL —
DASS21_20 I felt scared without any good reason Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY FEAR —
DASS21_21 I felt that life was meaningless Baseline AFFECT DEPRESSION WELL_BEING —
DASS21_3 I couldn’t seem to experience any positive feeling at all Baseline AFFECT DEPRESSION POSITIVE_AFFECT —
DASS21_4 I experienced breathing difficulty (eg, excessively rapid breathing, Baseline ANXIETY AROUSAL —
DASS21_5 I found it difficult to work up the initiative to do things Baseline AFFECT DEPRESSION —
DASS21_6 I tended to over-react to situations Baseline AFFECT IRRITATION NEUROTICISM —
DASS21_7 I experienced trembling (eg, in the hands) Baseline ANXIETY AROUSAL —
DASS21_8 I felt that I was using a lot of nervous energy Baseline ANXIETY AROUSAL —
DASS21_9 I was worried about situations in which I might panic and make a foo Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY WORRY —
Date_Local_End_B Baseline end date Baseline METADATA —
Date_Local_Start_B Baseline start date Baseline METADATA —
DAY Diary day number ESM METADATA —
day_completed Occasion-level binary 0, 1 variable indicating whether the daily diary is completed ESM METADATA —
Duration_B Baseline duration Baseline METADATA —
Duration_D Diary duration ESM METADATA —
ECR-RS_1 It helps to turn to people in times of need. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
ECR-RS_2 I usually discuss my problems and concerns with others. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
ECR-RS_3 I talk things over with people. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
ECR-RS_4 I find it easy to depend on others. Baseline ATTACHMENT SOCIAL —
ECR-RS_5 I don't feel comfortable opening up to others. Baseline CONCEALMENT —
ECR-RS_6 I prefer not to show others how I feel deep down. Baseline CONCEALMENT —
ECR-RS_7 I often worry that other people do not really care for me. Baseline LONELINESS SOCIAL —
ECR-RS_8 I'm afraid that other people may abandon me. Baseline ATTACHMENT REJECTION —
ECR-RS_9 I worry that others won't care about me as much as I care about them. Baseline ATTACHMENT REJECTION —
EDU What is your level of education? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EDUCATION —
EIER_GOAL_1 I did not try to change their emotions ESM EMOTION_REGULATION EMOTION_REGULATION_ATTEMPT —
EIER_GOAL_2 I tried to increase or maintain their positive emotion ESM EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
EIER_GOAL_3 I tried to increase or maintain their negative emotion ESM EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
EIER_GOAL_4 I tried to decrease their positive emotion ESM EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
EIER_GOAL_5 I tried to decrease their negative emotion ESM EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY —
EIER_STRAT_1 I helped them see the situation in a different way ESM EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY —
EIER_STRAT_2 I made them feel special or cared for ESM SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
EIER_STRAT_4 I diverted their attention to something else ESM DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
EIER_STRAT_6 I asked them to keep their feelings to themselves ESM CONCEALMENT —
EIER_STRAT_7 I ignored or invalidated their feelings ESM REJECTION SOCIAL —
EIER_STRAT_8 I continued talking about what was bothering them ESM SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
EIER_STRAT_9 Please select 100 on this slider scale. ESM ATTENTION_CHECK —
EIER_WHY_1 I wanted to make them feel better ESM EMOTION_REGULATION MOTIVE —
EIER_WHY_10 I wanted to punish them for something they did ESM MOTIVE —
EIER_WHY_11 I wanted to feel better about myself ESM MOTIVE SELF_ESTEEM —
EIER_WHY_12 I wanted to help them ESM MOTIVE —
EIER_WHY_13 I had another reason ESM MOTIVE —
EIER_WHY_13_TEXT Text entry for EIER_WHY_13 ESM TEXT_RESPONSE —
EIER_WHY_14 I did not have a reason ESM MOTIVE —
EIER_WHY_2 I wanted to get them to achieve a goal or get something done ESM GOAL MOTIVE —
EIER_WHY_3 I wanted to maintain or build a good relationship ESM MOTIVE RELATIONSHIP —
EIER_WHY_4 I wanted to offer clarity, perspective, or advice ESM MOTIVE PROBLEM_SOLVING —
EIER_WHY_5 I wanted to avoid uncomfortable feelings or situations ESM AVOIDANCE MOTIVE —
EIER_WHY_6 I wanted to feel helpful or good about myself ESM MOTIVE SELF_ESTEEM —
EIER_WHY_7 I wanted them to understand my feelings, or what I was going through ESM EXPRESSION MOTIVE —
EIER_WHY_8 I personally wanted to achieve a goal or get something done ESM GOAL MOTIVE —
EIER_WHY_9 I wanted them to give them a reality check or manage their expectations ESM MOTIVE PERSPECTIVE_TAKING —
EMO_DAY_1 Today, to what extent did you feel sad? ESM AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT SADNESS —
EMO_DAY_4 Today, to what extent did you feel bored? ESM AFFECT BORED NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_DAY_5 Today, to what extent did you feel anxious? ESM AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_DAY_6 Today, to what extent did you feel irritated? ESM AFFECT IRRITATION NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_DAY_7 Today, to what extent did you feel guilty? ESM AFFECT GUILT NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_DAY_8 Today, to what extent did you feel disappointed? ESM AFFECT DISAPPOINTMENT NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_1 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel peaceful? ESM AFFECT PEACE POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_10 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel irritated? ESM AFFECT IRRITATION NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_11 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel gratefu? ESM AFFECT GRATITUDE POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_12 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel compassionate? ESM AFFECT EMPATHY POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_13 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel disappointed? ESM AFFECT DISAPPOINTMENT NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_14 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel guilty? ESM AFFECT GUILT NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_4 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel relaxed? ESM AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT RELAXATION —
EMO_INT_5 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel excited? ESM AFFECT EXCITEMENT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_6 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel enthusiastic? ESM AFFECT ENTHUSIASTIC POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_7 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel sad? ESM AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT SADNESS —
EMO_INT_8 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel bored? ESM AFFECT BORED NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_INT_9 At the end of this interaction, to what extent did you feel anxious? ESM AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_TRAIT_1 Sad Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT SADNESS —
EMO_TRAIT_2 Bored Baseline AFFECT BORED NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_TRAIT_3 Anxious Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_TRAIT_4 Irritated Baseline AFFECT IRRITATION NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_TRAIT_5 Guilty Baseline AFFECT GUILT NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_TRAIT_6 Disappointed Baseline AFFECT DISAPPOINTMENT NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMPLOY What is your employment status? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT —
EMPLOY_9_TEXT Text entry for EMPLOY_9 Baseline TEXT_RESPONSE —
EMPLOY_recoded Recoded employment variable Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT —
EndDate_B Baseline end date Baseline METADATA —
EndDate_D Diary end date ESM METADATA —
EROS_1 I gave someone helpful advice to try to improve how they felt Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION PROBLEM_SOLVING STRATEGY —
EROS_2 I told someone about their shortcomings to try to make them feel worse Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
EROS_3 I did something nice with someone to try to make them feel better Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
EROS_4 I acted annoyed towards someone to try to make them feel worse Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
EROS_5 I explained to someone how they had hurt myself or others, to try to make the person feel worse Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
EROS_6 I discussed someone's positive characteristics to try to improve how they felt Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION SOCIAL_SHARING STRATEGY —
EROS_7 I made someone laugh to try to make them feel better Baseline AMUSEMENT EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
EROS_8 I listened to someone's problems to try to improve how they felt Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION SOCIAL_SHARING STRATEGY —
EROS_9 I spent time with someone to try to improve how they felt Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION SOCIAL_SUPPORT STRATEGY —
ESL Is English your first or native language? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS LANGUAGE —
EXCOR_1 When I give something to another person, I generally expect something in return. Baseline RECIPROCITY_NORM VALUES —
EXCOR_2 When someone buys me a gift, I try to buy that person as comparable a gift as possible. Baseline RECIPROCITY_NORM VALUES —
EXCOR_3 I don’t think people should feel obligated to repay others for favors. Baseline RECIPROCITY_NORM VALUES —
EXCOR_4 I wouldn’t feel exploited if someone failed to repay me for a favor. Baseline RECIPROCITY_NORM VALUES —
EXCOR_5 I don’t bother to keep track of benefits I have given others. Baseline RECIPROCITY_NORM VALUES —
EXCOR_6 I believe when people receive benefits from others, they ought to repay those others right Baseline RECIPROCITY_NORM VALUES —
EXCOR_7 I believe it’s best to make sure things are always kept ‘even’ between two people in a rel Baseline RECIPROCITY_NORM VALUES —
EXCOR_8 I usually give gifts only to people who have given me gifts in the past. Baseline RECIPROCITY_NORM VALUES —
EXCOR_9 When someone I know helps me out on a project, I don’t feel I have to pay them back. Baseline RECIPROCITY_NORM VALUES —
Finished_B Baseline completion status Baseline METADATA —
Finished_D Diary completion status ESM METADATA —
GENDER I identify my gender as... Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS GENDER —
GENDER_4_TEXT Text entry for GENDER_4 Baseline TEXT_RESPONSE —
GENDER_recoded Recoded gender variable Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS GENDER —
HOUSEHOLD How many people, including you, live in your household? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS FAMILY —
IEMS_1 I modify the elements of the situation that are having an undesired impact on others Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION SITUATION_MODIFICATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_10 When I think a situation will cause an undesirable emotion in others, I distract them from focusing on the negative aspects of that situation Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_11 When I want others to feel more positive emotions (such as joy or amusement), I put their problems into perspective. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY —
IEMS_12 I try to influence the emotions of others by changing how they think about the situation they are in Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY —
IEMS_13 When I want others to feel less negative emotion (such as sadness or anger), I change the meaning they are attaching to a situation Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY —
IEMS_14 When I want others to feel more positive emotion (such as joy or amusement), I change the meaning they are attaching to the situation. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY —
IEMS_15 When I want others to feel less negative emotion (such as sadness or anger), I put their problems into perspective Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY —
IEMS_16 When others are experiencing undesirable emotions, I tell them not to express them. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY —
IEMS_17 I encourage others to keep their emotions to themselves Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY —
IEMS_18 When others with whom I am interacting are ‘venting’ about a problem, I get them to stop Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY —
IEMS_19 When others are experiencing undesirable emotions, I suggest strategies for them to suppress these emotions. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY —
IEMS_2 I work out plans to remove the negative aspects of situations Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION SITUATION_MODIFICATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_20 I encourage others not to express their emotions Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY —
IEMS_3 I remove the negative aspects of the situation that are negatively impacting others Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION SITUATION_MODIFICATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_4 I change the situation to alter its emotional impact. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION SITUATION_MODIFICATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_5 I take actions to get rid of the problems others are having Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION SITUATION_MODIFICATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_6 When a situation is disturbing others, I focus their attention away from the troubling aspect of the problem Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_7 I refocus the conversation towards aspects of the situation that others should find more appealing Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_8 I distract others’ attention from the aspect of the problem causing their undesired emotions. Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_9 When a situation is unpleasant to others, I refocus them by discussing positive issues. Baseline DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
IEMS_attn This question is to make sure you are reading. Please select 'Agree'. Baseline ATTENTION_CHECK —
IIER_GOAL_1 I did not turn to them to change my emotions ESM SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IIER_GOAL_2 I turned to them to increase or maintain my positive emotion ESM SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IIER_GOAL_3 I turned to them to increase or maintain my negative emotion ESM SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IIER_GOAL_4 I turned to them to decrease my positive emotion ESM SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IIER_GOAL_5 I turned to them to decrease my negative emotion ESM SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IIER_STRAT_1 They helped me see the situation in a different way ESM REAPPRAISAL SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IIER_STRAT_2 They made me feel special or cared for ESM SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IIER_STRAT_4 They diverted my attention to something else ESM DISTRACTION SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IIER_STRAT_6 They asked me to keep my feelings to myself ESM EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
IIER_STRAT_7 They ignored or invalidated my feelings ESM REJECTION SOCIAL —
IIER_STRAT_8 They continued talking about what was bothering you ESM SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
IIER_STRAT_9 Please select 100 on this slider scale. ESM ATTENTION_CHECK —
IIER_WHY_1 I wanted to feel better ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_10 I wanted them to validate how I felt ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_11 I wanted their attention ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_12 I wanted to feel powerful ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_13 I had another reason (please specify) ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_13_TEXT Text entry for IIER_WHY_13 ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_14 I did not have a reason ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_2 I wanted to achieve a goal or get something done ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_3 I wanted to maintain or build a good relationship ESM MOTIVE RELATIONSHIP —
IIER_WHY_4 I wanted to seek clarity, perspective, or advice ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_5 I wanted to seek comfort or reassurance ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_6 I wanted their help to resolve something ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_7 I wanted to understand their feelings or what they were going ESM EMPATHY MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_8 I wanted them to give me a reality check or manage my expectations. ESM MOTIVE —
IIER_WHY_9 I wanted to punish myself for something I did ESM MOTIVE —
IRQ_1 When something bad happens, my first impulse is to seek out the company of others. Baseline HELP_SEEK SOCIAL —
IRQ_10 When something good happens, my first impulse is to tell someone about it. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
IRQ_11 When things are going well, I feel compelled to seek out other people. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
IRQ_12 When I want to celebrate something good, I seek out certain people to tell them about it. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
IRQ_13 I’m happier when I’m with my friends than when I’m by myself. Baseline POSITIVE_AFFECT SOCIAL —
IRQ_14 Being with other people tends to put a smile on my face. Baseline POSITIVE_AFFECT SOCIAL —
IRQ_15 I find that even just being around other people can help me to feel better. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IRQ_16 I really enjoy being around the people I know. Baseline POSITIVE_AFFECT SOCIAL —
IRQ_2 When I’m having trouble, I cannot wait to tell someone about it. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
IRQ_3 I just have to get help from someone when things are going wrong. Baseline HELP_SEEK SOCIAL —
IRQ_4 I manage my emotions by expressing them to others. Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION SOCIAL_SHARING STRATEGY —
IRQ_5 I appreciate having others’ support through difficult times. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IRQ_6 Sometimes I just need someone to understand where I’m coming from. Baseline EMPATHY SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IRQ_7 It really helps me feel better during stressful situations when someone knows and cares about what I’m going through. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
IRQ_8 I really appreciate having other people to help me figure out my problems. Baseline HELP_SEEK SOCIAL —
IRQ_9 When things are going well, I just have to tell other people about it. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SHARING —
NATION What is your nationality? Baseline NATIONALITY —
NATION_RECODE Recoded nationality variable Baseline NATIONALITY —
NO_EIER_DES_1 Would you have liked to change the emotions of the other person/people? ESM EMOTION_REGULATION_GOAL SOCIAL —
NO_EIER_WHY_1 It was too difficult ESM MOTIVE —
NO_EIER_WHY_2 I didn't want to ESM MOTIVE —
NO_EIER_WHY_3 I had another reason ESM MOTIVE —
NO_EIER_WHY_4 I didn't have a reason ESM MOTIVE —
NO_IIER_DES_1 Would you have liked to turn to the other person/people to change your emotions? ESM HELP_SEEK SOCIAL —
NO_IIER_WHY_1 It was too difficult ESM MOTIVE —
NO_IIER_WHY_2 I didn't want to ESM MOTIVE —
NO_IIER_WHY_3 I had another reason ESM MOTIVE —
NO_IIER_WHY_4 I didn't have a reason ESM MOTIVE —
number_completed Person-level variable indicating total number of daily diaries completed Global METADATA —
PER_FEEL Going into this interaction, did you aim to influence the emotion you felt? ESM EMOTION_REGULATION EMOTION_REGULATION_GOAL —
PER_SHOW Going into this interaction, did you aim to influence the emotion you showed? ESM EMOTION_REGULATION EMOTION_REGULATION_GOAL —
PREGNANT Are you pregnant, or do you think that you might be? Baseline MEDICAL —
PREGNANT_LENGTH How far into the pregnancy are you? Please round your answer up to the nearest month, and only enter a number. Baseline MEDICAL —
Progress_B Baseline progress Baseline METADATA —
Progress_D Diary progress ESM METADATA —
RACE_1 White or Caucasian Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_10 Other (please specify) Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_10_TEXT Text entry for RACE_10 Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_2 Latino or Hispanic Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_3 Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_4 East Asian Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_5 South Asian Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_6 South-East Asian Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_7 Black or African American Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_8 Middle Eastern Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_9 African Baseline ETHNICITY —
RACE_recoded Recoded ethnicity variable Baseline ETHNICITY —
RecordedDate_B Baseline recorded date Baseline METADATA —
RecordedDate_D Diary recorded date ESM METADATA —
RELATE What is your relationship status? Baseline RELATIONSHIP —
RELATE_6_TEXT Text entry for RELATE_6 Baseline RELATIONSHIP —
RELATE_recoded Recoded relationship status variable Baseline RELATIONSHIP —
RESID Which country do you live in? Baseline RESIDENCE_COUNTRY —
RESID_5_TEXT Text entry for RESID_5 Baseline RESIDENCE_COUNTRY —
RSQ_1a How concerned or anxious would you be over whether or not your family would want to help you? Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT WORRY —
RSQ_1b I would expect that they would agree to help as much as they can. Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
RSQ_2a How concerned or anxious would you be over whether or not your friend would want to talk with you? Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT WORRY —
RSQ_2b I would expect that he/she would want to talk with me to try to work things out Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
RSQ_3a How concerned or anxious would you be over his/her reaction? Baseline SOCIAL SOCIAL_SUPPORT WORRY —
RSQ_3b I would expect that he/she would be willing to discuss our possible options without getting defensive Baseline BELIEF RELATIONSHIP SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
RSQ_4a How concerned or anxious would you be over whether or not the person would want to help you? Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RSQ_4b I would expect that he/she would want to try to help me out. Baseline BELIEF RELATIONSHIP SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
RSQ_5a How concerned or anxious would you be over whether or not your significant other would want to make up with you? Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RSQ_5b I would expect that he/she would be at least as eager to make up as I would be. Baseline BELIEF RELATIONSHIP —
RSQ_6a How concerned or anxious would you be over whether or not they would want to come? Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RSQ_6b I would expect that they would want to come Baseline BELIEF RELATIONSHIP —
RSQ_7a How concerned or anxious would you be over whether or not the person would want to talk with you? Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RSQ_7b I would expect that he/she would want to talk with me. Baseline BELIEF RELATIONSHIP SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
RSQ_8a How concerned or anxious would you be over whether or not he/she still loves you and wants to be with you? Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RSQ_8b I would expect that he/she will show sincere love and commitment to our relationship no matter what else may be going on. Baseline ATTACHMENT BELIEF RELATIONSHIP —
RSQ_9a How concerned or anxious would you be over whether or not your friend would want to listen? Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RSQ_9b I would expect that he/she would listen and support me Baseline BELIEF RELATIONSHIP SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
SOCINT Did you interact with anyone today? ESM SITUATION_CONTEXT SOCIAL_INTERACTION —
SOCINT_AMT How many people was this interaction with? ESM SOCIAL_INTERACTION —
SOCINT_AMT_recoded Recoded SOCINT_AMT (amount of people in the interaction) variable ESM SITUATION_CONTEXT SOCIAL_INTERACTION —
SOCINT_CONTEXT Please write a sentence or two describing this interaction in the space provided below. ESM SITUATION_CONTEXT SOCIAL_INTERACTION —
SOCINT_EMO_2 How did you feel about the interaction? ESM AFFECT VALENCE —
SOCINT_REL_1 Friend ESM RELATIONSHIP —
SOCINT_REL_2 Family member ESM RELATIONSHIP —
SOCINT_REL_3 Romantic partner ESM RELATIONSHIP —
SOCINT_REL_4 Co-worker/classmate ESM RELATIONSHIP —
SOCINT_REL_5 Housemate (who is not a family member or friend) ESM RELATIONSHIP —
SOCINT_REL_6 Neighbour ESM RELATIONSHIP —
SOCINT_REL_7 A stranger ESM RELATIONSHIP —
SOCINT_REL_8 Other (please specify) ESM RELATIONSHIP —
SOCINT_REL_8_TEXT Text entry for SOCINT_REL_8 ESM RELATIONSHIP —
SOCINT_REL_recoded Recoded SOCINT_REL (relationship with interaction partner) variable ESM RELATIONSHIP SITUATION_CONTEXT —
SOCINT_RESP_1 During this interaction, the other person/people understood me ESM RELATIONSHIP SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
SOCINT_RESP_2 During this interaction, the other person/people made an effort to listen to me ESM RELATIONSHIP SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
SOCINT_RESP_3 During this interaction, the other person/people let me know that my feelings were understandable or legitimate ESM RELATIONSHIP SOCIAL_SUPPORT —
SOCINT_TYPE Did this interaction happen in person or digitally/virtually? ESM SITUATION_CONTEXT —
SOCINT_TYPE_recoded Recoded social interaction type variable ESM SITUATION_CONTEXT —
StartDate_B Baseline start date Baseline METADATA —
StartDate_D Diary start date ESM METADATA —
Status_B Baseline completion status Baseline METADATA —
Status_D Diary completion status ESM METADATA —
TMMS_1 Sometimes I can't tell what my feelings are Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION —
TMMS_10 I usually know my feelings about a matter Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION —
TMMS_11 I almost always know exactly how I am feeling Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION —
TMMS_2 I am rarely confused about how I feel Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION —
TMMS_3 I can never tell how I feel Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION —
TMMS_4 My belief and opinions always seem to change depending on how I feel Baseline BELIEF EMOTION_BELIEFS —
TMMS_5 I am often aware of my feeelings on a matter Baseline AWARENESS EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION —
TMMS_6 I am usually confused about how I feel Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION —
TMMS_7 I feel at ease about my emotion Baseline ACCEPTANCE —
TMMS_8 I can't make sense out of my feelings Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION —
TMMS_9 I am usually very clear about my feelings Baseline CLARITY EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION —

Publications

Main Publication

Why Do We Engage in Everyday Interpersonal Emotion Regulation?

Title:
Why Do We Engage in Everyday Interpersonal Emotion Regulation?
Authors:
Anh Tran, Katharine H. Greenaway, Elise K. Kalokerinos
Year of publication:
2024
Publication name:
Why Do We Engage in Everyday Interpersonal Emotion Regulation?
Volume number:
25
Issue number:
2
Page numbers:
300-319
DOI or URL:
https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001399
Publication type:
Refereed Journal Article

13/02 IS: Issues with NAIL raw data not downloading once request is accepted. Changed raw data to required names of UUID, Time_Local and Date_Local and converted to UTF 8 format 

IS 22/01/2026: Date and Time Local variables now correspond to the time the daily surveys were scheduled/started instead of completed. Completed Date and Time variables now labelled as COMPLETED_DATE and COMPLETED_TIME