Assessing, Understanding, and Regulating Affect (AURA)

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Citation article

Title:
Everyday emotional functioning in COVID-19 lockdowns
Authors:
Moeck, E. K., Freeman-Robinson, R., O'Brien, S. T., Woods, J. H., Grewal, K. K., Kostopoulos, J., Bagnara, L., Saling, Y. J., Greenaway, K. H., Koval, P., & Kalokerinos, E. K.
Year of publication:
2023
Publication name:
Emotion
Volume number:
23
Issue number:
8
Page numbers:
2219–2230
DOI or URL:
10.1037/emo0001226
Publication type:
Refereed Journal Article

Study details

Baseline session:
Yes
Followup session:
No
Study design:
Participants completed a baseline survey on day 0 and then completed 9 momentary surveys and one daily diary per day for seven days. Participants answered momentary and daily emotion-related questions including ideographic questions and affective forecasting. Data was collected over a period in which lockdowns were taking place in Melbourne.
ESM measurement waves:
1
Ethics granting body:
The University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee
Ethics protocol number:
2021-21316-17151-3
Year/s data was collected:
2021
Location of participants (Countries):
Australia
Background information:
---
Languages:
English
Setting:
---
Collection platform:
---
Preregistration URL:
https://osf.io/xwc6k/
Days of ESM data collection:
7
Number of ESM measures per day:
Varied by Day. Day 0 had 1 end of day survey, days 1 to 7 had nine ESM surveys and one end of day surveys per day
Sampling schedule:
mixed/other
ESM schedule start time:
09:00
ESM schedule end time:
23:59
ESM schedule duration:
---

Sample details

Type of sample:
Participants (N = 209) were aged between 18 and 71 years (M = 32.55, SD = 10.99). One participant (.48%) identified as non-binary, 165 (78.95%) identified as female, and 42 (20.10%) identified as male. We recruited 237 participants in total, however 28 participants were excluded based on pre-registered exclusion criteria.
Recruitment information:
We recruited participants in two ways. First, n = 33 (15.79% of the final sample) participants were recruited through the University of Melbourne’s research experience program. The remainder of the sample (n = 176; 84.21%) were recruited via community notices in the University of Melbourne staff newsletter and on social media. Exclusion criteria included being outside AEST, under 18 yo, failure of attention checks at baseline.
Incentives:
University student participants received course credit for participation. The amount of credit received varied depending on completion rate of surveys. The community sample were reimbursed $15 AUD for completion of the baseline survey and up to $50 for completion of the ESM surveys depending on completion rate.
Exclusions:
237 participants were initially recruited, and 28 were excluded from the study for several reasons. 7 were outside Australian eastern standard time (a requirement for the study), 6 Formally withdrew, 2 experienced technical difficulties, 8 failed attention checks at baseline, 1 completed 0 ESM surveys, and 2 were under 18 years of age, 2 were simultaneously signed up to another experience-sampling study. Individual items in surveys were excluded that indicated careless responding, defined as items answered in <650 ms. If participants carelessly responded to over 50% of items on any survey, the full survey was excluded. We replaced <.017% of responses per variable and 90 full surveys with missing data
Number of participants:
209

Contact info

Contact:
Elise Kalokerinos
Contact email:
elise.kalokerinos@unimelb.edu.au
Selection Variable Info Assessment type Constructs Branching
UUID Default None —
Date_Local Default None —
Time_Local Default None —
ACPT In the last hour, I accepted my emotions as they were. ESM ACCEPTANCE EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
ACPT_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
AEST_CHECK Will you be physically located somewhere that follows Australian Eastern Standard Time (UTC +10) for the next 8 days (i.e., Victoria, NSW, ACT, Queensland, or Tasmania)? Baseline —
AEST_CHECK2 You have just told us that you will not be located somewhere that follows Australian Eastern Standard Time during the study. Is this correct? Baseline —
AGE What is your age in years? Please provide your response as a number Baseline AGE DEMOGRAPHICS —
AMUSE Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Amused ESM AFFECT AMUSEMENT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
ANX Right now, how anxious do you feel? ESM AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
ANX Anxious Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
ANX_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
ATTEN_TXT Now we'd like to know a little more about your day. What did you have for breakfast? Baseline —
AURA_COMP1 When will you receive your first SEMA3 survey? Baseline —
AURA_VIDEO_TIMING_Click Count AURA video click count Baseline —
AURA_VIDEO_TIMING_First Click AURA video start Baseline —
AURA_VIDEO_TIMING_Last Click AURA video end Baseline —
AURA_VIDEO_TIMING_Page Submit AURA video submit Baseline —
AWE Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: In awe ESM AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
BFI2_1 Tends to be quiet* Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI2_10 Has little interest in abstract ideas* Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_11 Is full of energy Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI2_12 Assumes the best about people Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_13 Is reliable, can always be counted on Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_14 Is emotionally stable, not easily upset* Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY —
BFI2_15 Is original, comes up with new ideas Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_16 Is outgoing, sociable Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI2_17 Can be cold and uncaring* Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_18 Keeps things neat and tidy Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_19 Is relaxed, handles stress well* Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY —
BFI2_2 Is compassionate, has a soft heart Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_20 Has few artistic interests* Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_21 Prefers to have others take charge* Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI2_22 Is respectful, treats others with respect Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_23 Is persistent, works until the task is finished Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_24 Feels secure, comfortable with self* Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY —
BFI2_25 Is complex, a deep thinker Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_26 Is less active than other people* Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI2_27 Tends to find fault with others* Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_28 Can be somewhat careless* Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_29 Is temperamental, gets emotional easily Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY —
BFI2_3 Tends to be disorganised* Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_30 Has little creativity* Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_4 Worries a lot Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY —
BFI2_5 Is fascinated by art, music, or literature Baseline OPENNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_6 Is dominant, acts as a leader Baseline EXTRAVERSION PERSONALITY —
BFI2_7 Is sometimes rude to others* Baseline AGREEABLENESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_8 Has difficulty getting started on tasks* Baseline CONSCIENTIOUSNESS PERSONALITY —
BFI2_9 Tends to feel depressed, blue Baseline NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY —
CAREGIVE Do you have any other caregiving responsibilities? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS —
CESD_1 I was bothered by things that usually don't bother me Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_10 I felt fearful Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_11 My sleep was restless Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_12 I was happy* Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_13 I talked less than usual Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_14 I felt lonely Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_15 People were unfriendly Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_16 I enjoyed life* Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_17 I had crying spells Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_18 I felt sad Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_19 I felt that people dislike me Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_2 I did not feel like eating; my appetite was poor Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_20 I could not get "going" Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_3 I felt that I could not shake off the blues even with help from my family or friends Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_4 I felt I was just as good as other people* Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_5 I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_6 I felt depressed Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_7 I felt that everything I did was an effort Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_8 I felt hopeful about the future* Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CESD_9 I thought my life had been a failure Baseline DEPRESSION PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SYMPTOMS —
CHILD Do you have children under 18 years of age? (Yes, No) Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS FAMILY —
CHILD_2 If answered yes to CHILD, numerical number of children under 18 years of age Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS FAMILY —
COMPLETED_DATE Date baseline survey completed Baseline —
COMPLETED_DATE_TIME Date and time baseline complete Baseline —
COMPLETED_TIME Time baseline survey completed Baseline —
COMPLETED_TS Date and time momentary survey completed ESM —
COMPLETED_TS_DAY Date and time end of day survey completed ESM —
CONSENT_YN I have read the above information and consent to participate in the project Baseline —
CONSENT_YN2 You have just told us that you do not consent to participate in this project. Is this correct? Baseline —
CREATED_TS Date and time momentary survey created ESM —
CREATED_TS_DAY Date and time end of day survey created ESM —
CURIOUS Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Curious ESM AFFECT CURIOUSITY POSITIVE_AFFECT —
Date_Local_EOD0 Date variable for end of day survey ESM —
DISGUST Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Disgusted ESM AFFECT DISGUST NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
DIST In the last hour, I engaged in activities to distract myself. ESM DISTRACTION EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
DIST_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
DULL Right now, how dull do you feel? ESM AFFECT BORED NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
DULL Dull Baseline AFFECT BORED NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
DULL_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
EDU What is your level of education? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EDUCATION —
EDU_NOW Are you currently studying? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EDUCATION —
EMB Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Embarrassed ESM AFFECT EMBARRASSMENT NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMOAWARE_1 I never give in to my emotions * Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS CONTROLLABILITY —
EMOAWARE_10 I tend to pay attention to my emotions even when I don't want to ** Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS CONTROLLABILITY —
EMOAWARE_11 It would be difficult for me to not pay attention to my emotions, even if I tried Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS CONTROLLABILITY —
EMOAWARE_12 Paying attention to my emotions is not something I can control ** Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS CONTROLLABILITY —
EMOAWARE_13 I unintentionally think about my feelings ** Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS —
EMOAWARE_14 I automatically evaluate my mood ** Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS —
EMOAWARE_2 I don't think it's worth paying attention to your emotions or moods * Baseline AFFECT ATTITUDES AWARENESS —
EMOAWARE_3 I often think about my feelings * Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS —
EMOAWARE_4 I don't usually care much about what I'm feeling * Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS —
EMOAWARE_5 It is usually a waste of time to think about your emotions * Baseline AFFECT ATTITUDES AWARENESS —
EMOAWARE_6 People would be better off if they felt less and thought more * Baseline AFFECT ATTITUDES AWARENESS —
EMOAWARE_7 I pay a lot of attention to how I feel * Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS —
EMOAWARE_8 I can't help paying attention to my emotions ** Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS CONTROLLABILITY —
EMOAWARE_9 I find myself paying attention to my feelings even when I don't intentionally try to do so Baseline AFFECT AWARENESS CONTROLLABILITY —
EMOCOPE In the last hour, I have felt able to cope with my emotions. ESM COPING ER_SUCCESS —
EMOCOPE_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
EMOJIGRID_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
EMOJIGRID_X Use the grid below to indicate how you feel right now. ESM AFFECT AROUSAL NEGATIVE_AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EMOJIGRID_Y Use the grid below to indicate how you feel right now. ESM AFFECT AROUSAL NEGATIVE_AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_PRED_WEEK_1 Overall, how peaceful do you think you will feel in the next week? Baseline AFFECT PEACE POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_PRED_WEEK_2 Overall, how excited do you think you will feel in the next week? Baseline AFFECT EXCITEMENT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EMO_PRED_WEEK_3 Overall, how sad do you think you will feel in the next week? Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT SADNESS —
EMO_PRED_WEEK_4 Overall, how anxious do you think you will feel in the next week? Baseline AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
EMPLOY What is your employment status? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT —
EMPLOY_9_TEXT Text response to EMPLOY option [9] Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS EMPLOYMENT —
ENTHU Enthusiastic Baseline AFFECT ENTHUSIASTIC POSITIVE_AFFECT —
ENTHU Right now, how enthusiastic do you feel? ESM AFFECT ENTHUSIASTIC POSITIVE_AFFECT —
ENTHU_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
ESL Is English your first or native language? (Yes, No) Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS LANGUAGE —
EXCIT Excited Baseline AFFECT EXCITEMENT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EXCIT Right now, how excited do you feel? ESM AFFECT EXCITEMENT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
EXCIT_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
EXPIRED_TS Date and time end of day survey expired ESM —
EXPIRED_TS_DAY Date and time end of day survey expired ESM —
FFMQ_1 I criticise myself for having irrational or inappropriate emotions Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS WELL_BEING —
FFMQ_10 Usually when I have distressing thoughts or images, I get angry that this happens to me Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS USEFULNESS —
FFMQ_11 Usually when I have distressing thoughts or images, I judge myself as good or bad, depending what the thought/image is about Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS USEFULNESS —
FFMQ_2 I tend to evaluate whether my perceptions are right or wrong Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS WELL_BEING —
FFMQ_3 I tell myself that I shouldn't be feeling the way that I'm feeling Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS WELL_BEING —
FFMQ_4 I believe some of my thoughts are abnormal or bad and I shouldn't think this way Baseline AFFECT MINDFULNESS USEFULNESS —
FFMQ_5 I make judgements about whether my thoughts are good or bad Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS USEFULNESS —
FFMQ_6 I tend to make judgements about how worthwhile or worthless my experiences are Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS USEFULNESS —
FFMQ_7 I tell myself I shouldn't be thinking the way I'm thinking Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS USEFULNESS —
FFMQ_8 I think some of my emotions are bad or inappropriate and I shouldn't feel them Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS USEFULNESS —
FFMQ_9 I disapprove of myself when I have irrational ideas Baseline ACCEPTANCE MINDFULNESS USEFULNESS —
GAD7_1 Feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge Baseline —
GAD7_2 Not being able to stop or control worrying Baseline —
GAD7_3 Worrying too much about different things Baseline —
GAD7_4 Trouble relaxing Baseline —
GAD7_5 Being so restless that it's hard to sit still Baseline —
GAD7_6 Becoming easily annoyed or irritable Baseline —
GAD7_7 Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen Baseline —
GENDER I identify my gender as ... Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS GENDER —
GENDER_2_TEXT If answered prefer to self-identify in GENDER, the specific information provdied Global DEMOGRAPHICS GENDER —
GRAT Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Grateful ESM AFFECT GRATITUDE POSITIVE_AFFECT —
GUILT Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Guilty ESM AFFECT GUILT NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
HOPE Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Hopeful ESM AFFECT HOPE POSITIVE_AFFECT —
HOUSEHOLD How many people, including you, live in your household? Please provide your response as a number Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS —
IDIO_HA_NEGAFF Right now, how <<personal high arousal negative affect descriptor>> do you feel? ESM AFFECT AROUSAL NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
IDIO_HA_NEGAFF_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
IDIO_HA_POSAFF Right now, how <<personal high arousal positive affect descriptor>> do you feel? ESM AFFECT AROUSAL POSITIVE_AFFECT —
IDIO_HA_POSAFF_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
IDIO_LA_NEGAFF Right now, how <<personal low arousal negative affect descriptor>> do you feel? ESM AFFECT AROUSAL NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
IDIO_LA_NEGAFF_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
IDIO_LA_POSAFF Right now, how <<personal low arousal positive affect descriptor>> do you feel? ESM AFFECT AROUSAL POSITIVE_AFFECT —
IDIO_LA_POSAFF_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
INSTR8A The following questions ask about how you think you will feel tomorrow... ESM —
INSTR8A_RT Response time for relevant variable ESM —
INSTR8B The following questions ask you to reflect on today overall... ESM —
INSTR8B_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
INSTR_CTXT The following questions ask you to reflect on what has happened in the last hour... ESM —
INSTR_CTXT_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
INSTR_EMO The following questions ask about how you are feeling right now... ESM —
INSTR_EMO_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
INSTR_ER_STRAT Thinking about your feelings in the last hour, to what extent do the following apply to you? ESM —
INSTR_ER_STRAT_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
IRR Irritated Baseline AFFECT IRRITATION NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
IRR Right now, how irritated do you feel? ESM AFFECT IRRITATION NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
IRR_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
NATION What is your nationality? (e.g., Australian) [open response] Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS NATIONALITY —
NEGEV Think about the most negative event in the last hour, how intense was it? ESM AFFECT_INTENSITY EVENT NEGATIVE_EVENT SITUATION_CONTEXT —
NEGEV_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
NEGNOTE In the last hour, if you experienced negative emotions (e.g. sadness, anger, anxiety), did you notice them at the time? ESM AFFECT AWARENESS NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
NEGNOTE_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
OTHEREMO_NONE Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: None of the above ESM —
OTHEREMO_OTHER Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Other ESM —
OTHEREMO_RT Response time for the emotion checklist variable ESM —
PADQ_CHECK Based on where the dot is positioned, which of these four emotions would I most likely be feeling? Baseline —
PADQ_HANA1 Select your word for an unpleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when something unexpectedly bad happens to you, or you are faced with a difficult situation that requires urgent action. Baseline —
PADQ_HANA1_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HANA1 Baseline —
PADQ_HANA2 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for an unpleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when when something unexpectedly bad happens to you, or you are faced with a difficult situation that requires urgent action. Baseline —
PADQ_HANA2_10_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HANA2 Baseline —
PADQ_HANA3 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for an unpleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when when something unexpectedly bad happens to you, or you are faced with a difficult situation that requires urgent action. Baseline —
PADQ_HANA3_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HANA3 Baseline —
PADQ_HANA4 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for an unpleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when when something unexpectedly bad happens to you, or you are faced with a difficult situation that requires urgent action. Baseline —
PADQ_HANA4_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HANA4 Baseline —
PADQ_HANA5 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for an unpleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when when something unexpectedly bad happens to you, or you are faced with a difficult situation that requires urgent action. Baseline —
PADQ_HANA5_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HANA5 Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA1 Select your word for a pleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when something unexpectedly good happens to you or you are looking forward to doing something enjoyable/fun. Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA1_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HAPA1 Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA2 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for a pleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when something unexpectedly good happens to you or you are looking forward to doing something enjoyable/fun. Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA2_10_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HAPA2 Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA3 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for a pleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when something unexpectedly good happens to you or you are looking forward to doing something enjoyable/fun. Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA3_9_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HAPA3 Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA4 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for a pleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when something unexpectedly good happens to you or you are looking forward to doing something enjoyable/fun. Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA4_10_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HAPA4 Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA5 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for a pleasant feeling that is also activated. e.g. you might feel this way when something unexpectedly good happens to you or you are looking forward to doing something enjoyable/fun. Baseline —
PADQ_HAPA5_9_TEXT Text response for PADQ_HAPA5 Baseline —
PADQ_INTRO_TIMER_Click Count PADQ response click count Baseline —
PADQ_INTRO_TIMER_First Click PADQ response start Baseline —
PADQ_INTRO_TIMER_Last Click PADQ response end Baseline —
PADQ_INTRO_TIMER_Page Submit PADQ response submit Baseline —
PADQ_LANA1 Select your word for an unpleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you have lost something of value or you are lacking energy or motivation. Baseline —
PADQ_LANA1_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LANA1 Baseline —
PADQ_LANA2 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for an unpleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you have lost something of value or you are lacking energy or motivation. Baseline —
PADQ_LANA2_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LANA2 Baseline —
PADQ_LANA3 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for an unpleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you have lost something of value or you are lacking energy or motivation. Baseline —
PADQ_LANA3_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LANA3 Baseline —
PADQ_LANA4 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for an unpleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you have lost something of value or you are lacking energy or motivation. Baseline —
PADQ_LANA4_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LANA4 Baseline —
PADQ_LANA5 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for an unpleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you have lost something of value or you are lacking energy or motivation. Baseline —
PADQ_LANA5_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LANA5 Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA1 Select your word for a pleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you are enjoying a quiet and safe environment, or you have successfully completed a challenging task. Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA1_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LAPA1 Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA2 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for a pleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you are enjoying a quiet and safe environment, or you have successfully completed a challenging task. Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA2_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LAPA2 Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA3 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for a pleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you are enjoying a quiet and safe environment, or you have successfully completed a challenging task. Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA3_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LAPA3 Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA4 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for a pleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you are enjoying a quiet and safe environment, or you have successfully completed a challenging task. Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA4_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LAPA4 Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA5 Thanks for your response! Please select another word for a pleasant feeling that is also deactivated. e.g. you might feel this way when you are enjoying a quiet and safe environment, or you have successfully completed a challenging task. Baseline —
PADQ_LAPA5_11_TEXT Text response for PADQ_LAPA4 Baseline —
PEACE Peaceful Baseline AFFECT PEACE POSITIVE_AFFECT —
PEACE Right now, how peaceful do you feel? ESM AFFECT PEACE POSITIVE_AFFECT —
PEACE_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PHONE_CHECK What smartphone do you have? Baseline —
PHONE_CHECK2 You have just told us that you do not have an iPhone (iOS 8 and above) or Android (6.0 and above, not Huawei or Oppo) smartphone to use for this study. Is this correct? Baseline —
POSEV Think about the most positive event in the last hour, how intense was it? ESM AFFECT_INTENSITY EVENT POSITIVE_EVENT SITUATION_CONTEXT —
POSEV_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
POSNOTE In the last hour, if you experienced positive emotions (e.g. happiness, joy, relaxation), did you notice them at the time? ESM AFFECT AWARENESS POSITIVE_AFFECT —
POSNOTE_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PRED_ANX Overall, how anxious do you think you will feel tomorrow? ESM AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
PRED_ANX_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PRED_DULL Overall, how dull do you think you will feel tomorrow? ESM AFFECT BORED NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
PRED_DULL_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PRED_ENTHU Overall, how enthusiastic do you think you will feel tomorrow? ESM AFFECT ENTHUSIASTIC POSITIVE_AFFECT —
PRED_ENTHU_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PRED_EXCIT Overall, how excited do you think you will feel tomorrow? ESM AFFECT EXCITEMENT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
PRED_EXCIT_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PRED_IRR Overall, how irritated do you think you will feel tomorrow? ESM AFFECT IRRITATION NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
PRED_IRR_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PRED_PEACE Overall, how peaceful do you think you will feel tomorrow? ESM AFFECT PEACE POSITIVE_AFFECT —
PRED_PEACE_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PRED_RLX Overall, how relaxed do you think you will feel tomorrow? ESM AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT RELAXATION —
PRED_RLX_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PRED_SAD Overall, how sad do you think you will feel tomorrow? ESM AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT SADNESS —
PRED_SAD_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
PROUD Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Proud ESM AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT PRIDE —
PWB_SF_1 I tend to be influenced by people with strong opinions * Baseline AUTONOMY WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_10 People would describe me as a giving person, willing to share my time with others **** Baseline RELATEDNESS SELF_ESTEEM WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_11 Please select strongly agree Baseline ATTENTION_CHECK —
PWB_SF_12 Some people wander aimlessly through life, but I am not one of them***** Baseline MINDFULNESS SELF_DIRECTION —
PWB_SF_13 I like most aspects of my personality ****** Baseline SELF_COMPASSION SELF_ESTEEM WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_14 I judge myself by what I think is important, not by the values of what others think is important * Baseline AUTONOMY WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_15 I am quite good at managing the many responsibilities of my daily life ** Baseline CONTROLLABILITY WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_16 I gave up trying to make big improvements or changes in my life a long time ago *** Baseline ACHIEVEMENT WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_17 I have not experienced many warm and trusting relationships with others **** Baseline SOCIAL_INTERACTION WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_18 I sometimes feel as if I've done all there is to do in life ***** Baseline ACHIEVEMENT WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_19 In many ways, I feel disappointed about my achievements in life ****** Baseline ACCEPTANCE ACHIEVEMENT WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_2 In general, I feel I am in charge of the situation in which I live ** Baseline AUTONOMY CONTROLLABILITY WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_3 I think it is important to have new experiences that challenge how you think about yourself and the world *** Baseline SENSATION_SEEKING VALUES WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_4 Maintaining close relationships has been difficult and frustrating for me**** Baseline RELATEDNESS SOCIAL_INTERACTION WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_5 I live life one day at a time and don't really think about the future ***** Baseline MINDFULNESS WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_6 When I look at the story of my life, I am pleased with how things have turned out ****** Baseline ACHIEVEMENT LIFE_SATISFACTION WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_7 I have confidence in my opinions, even if they are contrary to the general consensus * Baseline CONFIDENCE SELF_ESTEEM WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_8 The demands of everyday life often get me down ** Baseline DEPRESSION STRESS WELL_BEING —
PWB_SF_9 For me, life has been a continuous process of learning, changing, and growth *** Baseline SELF_DIRECTION WELL_BEING —
RACE_1 White or Caucasian Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_10 Other (please specify) Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_10_TEXT Text for Race option [10] Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_2 Latino or Hispanic Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_3 Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_4 East Asian Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_5 South Asian Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_6 South-East Asian Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_7 Black or African American Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_8 Middle Eastern Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
RACE_9 African Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS ETHNICITY —
REAP In the last hour, I thought of other ways to interpret what was making me emotional. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION REAPPRAISAL STRATEGY —
REAP_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RELAT What is your relationship status? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS RELATIONSHIP —
RELAT_6_TEXT Text response to RELAT option [6] Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS RELATIONSHIP —
RELIG Are you religious? Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS RELIGION —
RESID Which country do you live in? [open response] Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS —
RETRO_ACPT Overall, I accepted my emotions as they were today. ESM ACCEPTANCE EMOTION_REGULATION STRATEGY —
RETRO_ACPT_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_ANX Overall, how anxious did you feel today? ESM AFFECT ANXIETY NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_ANX_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_DULL Overall, how dull did you feel today? ESM AFFECT BORED NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_DULL_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_EMOCOPE Overall, I have felt able to cope with my emotions today. ESM COPING ER_SUCCESS —
RETRO_EMOCOPE_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_ENTHU Overall, how enthusiastic did you feel today? ESM AFFECT ENTHUSIASTIC POSITIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_ENTHU_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_EXCIT Overall, how excited did you feel today? ESM AFFECT EXCITEMENT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_EXCIT_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_IDIO_HA_NEGAFF Overall, how <<personal high arousal negative affect descriptor>> did you feel today? ESM AFFECT AROUSAL NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_IDIO_HA_NEGAFF_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_IDIO_HA_POSAFF Overall, how <<personal high arousal positive affect descriptor>> did you feel today? ESM AFFECT AROUSAL POSITIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_IDIO_HA_POSAFF_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_IDIO_LA_NEGAFF Overall, how <<personal low arousal negative affect descriptor>> did you feel today? ESM AFFECT AROUSAL NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_IDIO_LA_NEGAFF_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_IDIO_LA_POSAFF Overall, how <<personal low arousal positive affect descriptor>> did you feel today? ESM AFFECT AROUSAL POSITIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_IDIO_LA_POSAFF_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_IRR Overall, how irritated did you feel today? ESM AFFECT IRRITATION NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_IRR_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_LIFESAT Overall, how satisfied were you with your life today? ESM CONTENTMENT LIFE_SATISFACTION WELL_BEING —
RETRO_LIFESAT_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_PEACE Overall, how peaceful did you feel today? ESM AFFECT PEACE POSITIVE_AFFECT —
RETRO_PEACE_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_RLX Overall, how relaxed did you feel today? ESM AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT RELAXATION —
RETRO_RLX_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_RUM Overall, I continually thought about what was making me emotional today. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RETRO_RUM_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RETRO_SAD Overall, how sad did you feel today? ESM AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT SADNESS —
RETRO_SAD_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RLX Relaxed Baseline AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT RELAXATION —
RLX Right now, how relaxed do you feel? ESM AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT RELAXATION —
RLX_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
RRS_1 Think "what am I doing to deserve this?" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RRS_10 Go someplace alone to think about your feelings Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RRS_2 Analyse recent events to try to understand why you are depressed Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RRS_3 Think "why do I always react this way?" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RRS_4 Go away by yourself and think about why you feel this way Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RRS_5 Write down what you are thinking and analyse it Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RRS_6 Think about a recent situation, wishing it had gone better Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RRS_7 Think "why do I have problems other people don't have?" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RRS_8 Think "why can't I handle things better?" Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RRS_9 Analyse your personality to try to understand why you are depressed Baseline EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RUM In the last hour, I continually thought about what was making me emotional. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION RUMINATION STRATEGY —
RUM_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
SAD Sad Baseline AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT SADNESS —
SAD Right now, how sad do you feel? ESM AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT SADNESS —
SAD_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
SCARED Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Scared ESM AFFECT FEAR NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
SCHEDULED_TS Date and time momentary survey scheduled ESM —
SCHEDULED_TS_DAY Date and time end of day survey scheduled ESM —
SCORN Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Scornful ESM AFFECT ANGER NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
SELFE Right now, do you have high self-esteem? ESM SELF SELF_ESTEEM —
SELFE_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
SEMA3_COMP1 How often do you need to connect to the internet to ensure your SEMA3 data is uploaded? Baseline —
SEMA3_VIDEO_TIMING_Click Count SEMA video click count Baseline —
SEMA3_VIDEO_TIMING_First Click SEMA video start Baseline —
SEMA3_VIDEO_TIMING_Last Click SEMA video end Baseline —
SEMA3_VIDEO_TIMING_Page Submit SEMA video submit Baseline —
SEMA_CHECK Before proceeding with the survey, please confirm you have installed and logged into SEMA3, and pulled down the page in the app to refresh to let us know you've connected. Baseline —
SEMA_CHECK2 Have you installed and logged into SEMA3 and pulled down the page in the app to refresh to let us know you've connected? Baseline —
SEMA_CHECK3 You have just told us that you have not installed and logged into SEMA3. Is this correct? Baseline —
SHAM Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Ashamed ESM AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT SHAME —
SOCHSHR In the last hour, I talked about my emotions with other people. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION SOCIAL_SHARING STRATEGY —
SOCHSHR_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
SOC_STATUS Where would you place yourself on this ladder? Choose the number which best represents where you would be on this ladder at this time in your life relative to other people in Australia. [image] [1] 1 (worst off) [2] 2 [3] 3 [4] 4 [5] 5 [6] 6 [7] 7 [8] 8 [9] 9 [10] 10 (best off) Baseline DEMOGRAPHICS SOCIO_ECONOMIC —
STARTED_TS Date and time momentary survey started ESM —
STARTED_TS_DAY Date and time end of day survey started ESM —
STUDY_ID ESM —
STUDY_ID_DAY Study ID ESM —
STUDY_NAME ESM —
STUDY_VERSION ESM —
SUPR In the last hour, I made an effort to hide my feelings. ESM EMOTION_REGULATION EXPRESSIVE_SUPPRESSION STRATEGY —
SUPR_RT Response time for the relevant variable ESM —
SURVEYDAY_NUMBER Day number on which survey was sent ESM —
SURVEY_ID ESM —
SURVEY_NAME ESM —
SUSPIC Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Suspicious ESM AFFECT NEGATIVE_AFFECT —
SWLS_1 In most ways my life is close to ideal Baseline HEDONIC LIFE_SATISFACTION WELL_BEING —
SWLS_2 The conditions of my life are excellent Baseline HEDONIC LIFE_SATISFACTION WELL_BEING —
SWLS_3 I am satisfied with my life Baseline HEDONIC LIFE_SATISFACTION WELL_BEING —
SWLS_4 Please select slightly disagree Baseline —
SWLS_5 So far I have gotten the important things I want in life Baseline HEDONIC LIFE_SATISFACTION WELL_BEING —
SWLS_6 If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing Baseline HEDONIC LIFE_SATISFACTION WELL_BEING —
TAS_1 I am often confused about what emotion I am feeling** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_10 Being in touch with emotions is essential*** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_11 I find it hard to describe how I feel about people* Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_12 People tell me to describe my feelings more* Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_13 I don't know what's going on inside me** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_14 I often don't know why I am angry** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_15 I prefer talking to people about their daily activities rather than their feelings*** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_16 I prefer to watch "light" entertainment shows rather than psychological dramas*** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_17 It is difficult for me to reveal my innermost feelings, even to close friends* Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_18 I can feel close to someone, even in moments of silence*** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_19 I find examination of my feelings useful in solving personal problems*** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_2 It is difficult for me to find the right words for my feelings* Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_20 Looking for hidden meanings in movies or plays distracts from their enjoyment*** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_3 I have physical sensations that even doctors don't understand** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_4 I am able to describe my feelings easily* Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_5 I prefer to analyse problems rather than just describe them*** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_6 When I am upset, I don't know if I am sad, frightened, or angry** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_7 I am often puzzled by sensations in my body** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_8 I prefer to just let things happen rather than to understand why they turned out that way*** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
TAS_9 I have feelings that I can't quite identify** Baseline ALEXITHYMIA EMOTION_DIFFERENTIATION EMOTION_INTELLIGENCE —
Time_Local_EOD0 Time variable for end of day survey ESM —
TMZ_1 Participant timezone Global —
TMZ_2 Participant timezone ESM —
TOTAL_RT Total response time for end of day survey ESM —
TOTAL_RT_DAY Total response time for end of day survey ESM —
TRIGGER ESM —
TRUST Did you experience any emotions today that were not captured by the other survey items? Please select all that apply: Trusting ESM AFFECT POSITIVE_AFFECT —
UPLOADED_TS Date and time end of day survey uploaded ESM —
UPLOADED_TS_DAY Date and time end of day survey uploaded ESM —

Publications

Main Publication

Everyday emotional functioning in COVID-19 lockdowns

Title:
Everyday emotional functioning in COVID-19 lockdowns
Authors:
Moeck, E. K., Freeman-Robinson, R., O'Brien, S. T., Woods, J. H., Grewal, K. K., Kostopoulos, J., Bagnara, L., Saling, Y. J., Greenaway, K. H., Koval, P., & Kalokerinos, E. K.
Year of publication:
2023
Publication name:
Emotion
Volume number:
23
Issue number:
8
Page numbers:
2219–2230
DOI or URL:
10.1037/emo0001226
Publication type:
Refereed Journal Article

Additional publications

  • Erbas, Y., Kalokerinos, E. K., Kuppens, P., van Halem, S., & Ceulemans, E. (2022). Momentary Emotion Differentiation: The Derivation and Validation of an index to Study Within-Person Fluctuations in Emotion Differentiation. Assessment, 29(4), 700–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191121990089
  • Moeck, E.K., Grewal K.K., Greenaway K.H., Koval, P., Kalokerinos E.K. (2023) The nature and consequences of affective forecasting accuracy. 2022 Annual Meeting of the Society for Affective Science_Emotion Expression. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42761-022-00171-0
  • Bagnara, L., Moeck, E. K., Kuppens, P., Bianchi, V., & Koval, P. (2025). Why do feelings persist over time in daily life? Investigating the role of emotion-regulation strategies in the process underlying emotional inertia. Emotion. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001541
  • Sels, L., Erbas, Y., O'Brien, S. T., Verhofstadt, L., Clark, M. S., & Kalokerinos, E. K. (2024). The Double-Edged Sword of Social Sharing: Social Sharing Predicts Increased Emotion Differentiation When Rumination Is Low but Decreased Emotion Differentiation When Rumination Is High. Psychological science, 35(10), 1079–1093. https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976241266513
  • Mehta, A., Moeck, E., Preece, D. A., Koval, P., & Gross, J. J. (2024). Alexithymia and Emotion Regulation: the Role of Emotion Intensity. Affective Science. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42761-024-00278-6
  • Sels, L., Debeer, D., & Kalokerinos, E. K. (2025) Men Do Not Suppress Emotions More than Women in Everyday Life: Evidence from Large Scale Experience-Sampling Data. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/3vxzj_v1
  • Tran, A., Freeman-Robinson, R., Koval, P., Greenaway, K. H., & Kalokerinos, E. K. (2025) Context Matters, Doesn’t It? The Role of Context in Everyday Emotion Regulation Strategy Use. PsyArXiv.  https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/axzk6_v1

IS 20/07/2025: Date_Local and Time_Local variables changed from completed survey timepoints to scheduled timepoints.